Fluorocarbon cationic gemini and hybridized gemini surfactants and synthesis method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to fluorocarbon cationic gemini and gemini surfactants and a synthesis method thereof. The structural formula of the fluorine carbon cationic gemini and gemini surfactants is as follows: the fluorine carbon surfactants are prepared by the following steps that: with perfluoroalkyl iodide as a raw material, after perfluoroalkyl iodide is condensed with butenoic acid, the condensation product is reduced and deiodinated through lithium aluminum hydride to obtain the compound fluorocarbon alcohol; and after the hydroxide radical of the fluorocarbon alcohol is protected, the fluorocarbon alcohol is substitution reaction with different secondary amines and is quaternized by bromomethane to respectively obtain fluorocarbon cationic gemini and gemini surfactants. The method provided by the invention has mild reaction conditions and simpleness and convenience for post-treatment and is applicable to further industrial amplification.

Description

Fluorocarbon cationic gemini and hybrid gemini surfactants and synthesis method thereof technical field The present invention relates to a class of fluorocarbon cationic gemini surfactant C n F C 4 -2-C n F C 4 And fluorocarbon cationic hybrid gemini surfactant C n F C 4 - New synthesis method for 2-12. Among them, n=4,6,8. Among them, n=4,6,8. Background technique Gemini surfactants (gemini or dimeric surfactant) are formed by linking two traditional surfactant molecules through a chemical bond through a linker, and the molecule contains 2 hydrophilic groups and 2 lipophilic chains. The structure of gemini surfactants is usually expressed as m-s=m', where m and m' represent the number of carbon atoms contained in the hydrophobic chains on both sides, and s represents the number of carbon atoms on the intermediate linking group. When m=m', it is called a symmetrical gemini surfactant, which is what we usually think of as a gemini surfactant; when m≠m', it is c...

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Problems solved by technology

The bromination reaction operation is very difficult. If hydrobromic acid and concentrated sulfuric acid are used for bromination, a large amount of waste acid needs to be processed again, and the final quaternization reaction needs a long reaction time reflux (3-4 days), which gives the The industrial scale-up of compounds brings considerable difficulty

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