Laminar flow condenser for thermal decomposition and liquidation of biomass

Abstract

The invention provides a laminar flow condenser for thermal decomposition and liquidation of biomass. The laminar flow condenser comprises a horizontal cylinder, wherein the cross section of the horizontal cylinder is rectangular; a pyrolytic gas inlet is arranged at one end of the cylinder, and a pyrolytic gas outlet is arranged at the other end of the cylinder; a biological oil inlet is arranged on the top of the cylinder; and a biological oil outlet is arranged at the bottom of the cylinder. The laminar flow condenser is characterized in that a plurality of condensing plates, which are parallel to each other, are arranged inside the cylinder along the pyrolytic gas flowing direction; an overflow tank is arranged on the top end of each condensing plate; side walls of the overflow tank are symmetrical relative to the condensing plate; a horizontal distributing pipe is arranged on the top end of the cylinder and is communicated with the biological oil inlet; the distributing pipe is provided with a branched pipe corresponding to each overflow tank; a bottom outlet of the branched pipe is inserted into the overflow tank; and a silk screen is arranged inside the cylinder at the pyrolytic gas outlet. According to the laminar flow condenser, hot gas is in laminar conditions and flows through a liquid flow membrane; due to the low flow velocity, the thin airflow layers and the large temperature gradient, the heat exchange efficiency is high; carbon ash and coke tar carried in the pyrolytic gas flow out from the condensing plates along with the liquid flow and are not easy to condense; the laminar flow condenser has the advantages of simple structure and convenience for disassembly and assembly; and the condensing plates are easy to clean and have excellent working performance.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention provides a laminar flow condenser for pyrolysis and liquefaction of biomass, which belongs to the technical field of renewable energy. Background technique [0002] One of the cooling methods used in the biomass flash pyrolysis liquefaction process is to directly mix low-temperature bio-oil and high-temperature pyrolysis gas to cool and shock the pyrolysis gas, so as to condense the condensable gas in the pyrolysis gas to obtain bio-oil. The bio-oil flows into the oil storage tank, and other non-liquefiable gases are discharged from the condensing unit. This process requires that the high-temperature pyrolysis gas and low-temperature bio-oil entering the condensing device are directly mixed for heat exchange, the high-temperature pyrolysis gas is quickly cooled to below 60°C, and the liquefiable gas in the pyrolysis gas becomes liquid and flows into the oil storage tank. The non-liquefiable gas is sucked out of the condensing unit by the...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] At present, in the field of biomass pyrolysis and liquefaction technology, research institutions that use pyrolysis gas and low-temperature bio-oil direct mixing heat exchange technology generally use spray cooling towers or cooling sieve plate towers, such as in biomass pyrolysis Relevant research institutions such as University of Science and Technology of China, Shandong University of Technology and Northeast Forestry University, which have achieved outstanding results in liquefaction technology, all adopt this method. The liquid flow rate is large, the charcoal ash carried in the pyrolysis gas is easy to condense in the cooling tower, and the tar produced during the cooling process of the pyrolysis gas is bonded to the charcoal ash, which is not easy to remove

The thermal cracking demonstration plant with a biomass feed rate of 200kg / h established by the Spanish Union Fenosa Power Company in 1993 and the 200kg / h feed rate developed by the Biomass Technology Group (BTG) of the University of Twente in the Netherlands in 2000 The improved rotating cone reactor pyrolysis liquefaction process uses a shell-and-tube heat exchange cooler as the cooling technology. The defect is that during the cooling process of the pyrolysis gas, the charcoal ash carried in the pyrolysis gas and The tar produced by the cooling of the pyrolysis gas condenses, and the pipeline is quickly blocked

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