Entrained-flow bed gasifier for solid-phase deslagging

Abstract

The invention provides an entrained-flow bed gasifier for solid-phase deslagging, wherein the gasifier is divided into a gasifying chamber and a cooling chamber which are spaced via a segmented conical sealing head; the shell of the gasifying chamber is sequentially composed of a heat-isolating material layer, a cooling tube and a wear-resistant material layer form outside to inside; a cooling liquid inlet is formed on the bottom of the gasifying chamber, and a cooling liquid outlet is formed on the top of the gasifying chamber; a top nozzle is formed at the centre of the top of the gasifying chamber, and more than three side nozzles are uniformly distributed on the upper part of the gasifying chamber along a circumference; a gasifying product discharge port is formed at the centre of the segmented conical sealing head; a rotational-flow cooling jacket is arranged at the outer side of the gasifying product discharge port, and the upper part of the rotational-flow cooling jacket is connected with a cold coal gas return port; and a coal gas outlet is formed on the upper part of the cooling chamber, a solid deslagging port is formed on the bottom of the cooling chamber, and the waste heat of the gasifying product is adequately utilized for eliminating the problem of black water.

Description

1. Technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of coal chemical industry, in particular, to gasification of gas flow bed. 2. Background technology [0002] Coal gasification is the leading and key technology for the clean and efficient utilization of coal. Entrained bed gasification is a new coal co-current gasification technology developed in recent decades. The gasification agent and coal powder or coal slurry enter the gasification chamber through the nozzle, and the pyrolysis, combustion and gasification reactions of coal proceed almost simultaneously. , The high temperature ensures the complete gasification of the coal, and the minerals in the coal become slag and leave the gasifier. Compared with the traditional gasification technology, the pressurized entrained entrained bed gasification temperature is higher, the processing capacity is larger, the gas active component is higher, and the gasification efficiency is higher, which is the development direct...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The upward waste boiler process has high thermal efficiency and high calorific value of gas, which is suitable for subsequent IGCC power generation; however, the upward waste boiler process only recovers part of the heat of the gas, and does not recover the heat of the slag, and uses cold gas quenching and waste boiler recovery The way of preheating is complex and the energy consumption of cold gas is high

The structure of the quenching process gasifier is simple, and the water-containing gas is beneficial to the subsequent conversion process. Low; In addition, the amount of black water in the chilling process is large, and the biochemical treatment is difficult

Although the downward waste boiler process recovers the heat of syngas and slag at one time, it is seldom used in industrial applications due to the clogging of channels due to sticky ash scaling

[0005] Patent CN101724470A mentions that a new type of coal-water slurry gasifier uses top nozzles and side nozzles with inclined upward spraying to form a Y-shaped impact zone in the center of the furnace, which strengthens the heat and mass transfer and mixing process, speeds up the reaction rate and improves carbon Conversion rate; due to the effect of the top nozzle, the residence time of the coal-water slurry in the Y-shaped impact zone is prolonged, and the flame direction is downward, and the flame up to 2000 ° C will not impact the refractory material on the top of the furnace; in addition, the refractory material layer is on the water (steam) cold wall Under the cooling of the tube, the temperature of the inner wall is lower than the solidification temperature of liquid slag, and a layer of solidified slag is formed on the surface of the refractory layer, which plays the role of resisting slag with slag and protecting the refractory layer, greatly prolonging the service life of the gasifier. However, the liquid slag discharge does not recover the energy, the amount of black water is large, and the biochemical treatment is difficult

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