Biodegradable material as well as preparation method and application of biodegradable material

Abstract

The invention discloses a biodegradable material as well as a preparation method and an application of the biodegradable material. The biodegradable material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 40%-60% starch, 35%-50% of plant fiber and 3%-12% of additive. The preparation method comprises the following steps of A) dehydrating; B) pulverizing and C) shaping. The invention also discloses an application of the biodegradable material prepared by the method in preparing a starch sucker. In the pulverization treatment disclosed by the invention, the chemical and physical modifications are adopted, the traditional processes of blending modification at high and low temperatures and then blending extrusion of the starch material are abandoned, the stability of the material is further improved, the process is simplified, the completely degradable material is prepared, the biodegradable material is far superior to the currently applied blending biological plastic in strength, toughness, transparency, water resistance degradability and cost and thus the popularization and application of the material and environmental conservation are facilitated.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of plastic materials, in particular to a biodegradable material and its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] A large number of white pollution (plastic products) and black pollution (rubber products) in nature are mainly caused by polymer materials with a wide range of uses. With the increasingly serious environmental pollution, it is an inevitable trend to develop new degradable materials that are beneficial to environmental protection and have various properties of polymer materials. At present, degradable polymer materials are in the stage of research and development and partial transformation, mainly including microbial degradation materials, biodegradation materials, photodegradation materials and chemical degradation materials, among which polymer materials have excellent performance and can be completely decomposed after being discarded. and inorganic biodegradable materials as the...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Although the United States and Japan have developed and used biodegradable polymer materials, they have the following problems in actual use: First, the production cost of degradable plastic mulches is high, the price is expensive, and the actual production and consumption of biodegradable materials are not large. It is difficult to popularize and use; second, the manufacturing process formula and control technology of biodegradable materials are not mature enough, resulting in insufficient performance of biodegradable materials such as heat resistance, wear resistance, shape stability and rigidity

However, in terms of product performance, all kinds of materials developed at home and abroad using modified starch as raw materials cannot meet the standards of traditional products.

For example, starch-coated materials have problems such as low strength, insufficient waterproof performance, and poor acid and mechanical resistance. Various extrusion injection molding products made of starch have poor stability and heat resistance, and the products are easy to age. In terms of product environmental performance, due to The use of petrochemical raw materials in the production process reduces the environmental characteristics of the product, such as starch content in starch-filled plastics is only 7-30%

The starch-based packaging materials produced by the graft copolymerization process still contain a large amount of polyolefin plastic components. Such products cannot be completely degraded in the soil, and their petrochemical components will still exist in the soil for a long time, causing pollution to the environment.

Various reasons limit the wider application of biodegradable materials