Olive container nursery method

A technology for raising seedlings and olives in containers, applied in the field of plant seedling raising, can solve the problems that seeds cannot guarantee germination or emergence, affect economic benefits, seeds are polluted, etc., and achieve the effects of enhancing disease resistance, increasing selenium content, and ensuring water demand.

Inactive Publication Date: 2015-03-11
张正武
5 Cites 13 Cited by

AI-Extracted Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This technology can significantly increase the germination rate, but the current environmental damage is serious, there are many germs and germs in the soil, and the seeds will be more or less polluted or even destroyed after sowing, which makes it impossible to guarantee all the seeds to germinate o...
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Abstract

The invention discloses an olive container nursery method. The olive container nursery method is achieved through following steps: 1) preprocessing seeds: storing olive seeds in a freezing room for 3-4 moths; when planting the seeds, fetching out the seeds from the freezing room, and firstly, soaking the seeds in 75% alcohol solution for 0.5-1.0min, then, using 0.1% mercury bichloride solution to sterilize the seeds for 10-15min, and finally soaking the seeds in aseptic warm water for 40-45 hours; then, mixing the seeds with wet sand evenly so as to obtain a mixture, placing the mixture in a brown paper packing box with holes, and accelerating germination on a seedbed; 2) sowing the seeds: placing the primed seeds 30% in opening rate into a ventilated and permeable seedling nursing container, sequentially covering the primed seeds with 2cm fine sand and 1cm selenium-rich soil after sowing the seeds, and then using a black film to cover the seeds for heat preservation; 3) performing seedling management: sprouting the seeds 25-28 days after seed sowing, spraying 0.8-1.2% Bordeaux liquid once every 7-8 days after sprouting, and performing seedling hardening and transplanting when four pairs of main leaves are grown on each seedling. The olive container nursery method has the advantages of being high in emergence rate, high in breeding efficiency, high in seedling quality and the like. Compared with an existing container nursery technology, the olive container nursery method improves integrated quality of the seedlings by more than 5%.

Application Domain

Technology Topic

GerminationBordeaux mixture +6

Image

  • Olive container nursery method

Examples

  • Experimental program(2)

Example Embodiment

[0022] Example 1
[0023] A method for raising seedlings in a container of olive oil is realized through the following steps:
[0024] 1. Nursery selection
[0025] The test site is located in the best suitable area for olives in China (Dabao Olive New Variety Experimental Park, Olea Research Institute, Longnan Economic Forest Research Institute, Wudu, Gansu), 104°01′~106°34′ east longitude, 32°35′~34° north latitude 32', it belongs to the transition zone from the northern subtropical to the warm temperate zone. The annual average temperature is 14.9℃, the average temperature in January is 3.5℃, the average temperature in July is 24.9℃, the absolute maximum temperature is 40℃, and the minimum is -8℃; the annual precipitation is 474~900mm, The annual sunshine hours are 1911.7 hours, and the total annual solar radiation is 109 kcal/cm 2 , The effective accumulated temperature above 10℃ is 4865℃, the frost-free period is 270 days, the annual average relative humidity is 61%, and the dryness is 0.49~1.67.
[0026] The test area is a 500cm×120cm×50cm sand bed.
[0027] 2. Seedbed treatment
[0028] The sand bed used for the test was chosen to be leeward to the sun and the ground was flat. The inner side of the No. 1 test site was near the middle, and a shallow trench with a depth of 25 cm and a width of 100 cm was excavated from east to west. The length of the trench was 300 10×15 cm. 2 The size of the container is about 5cm of fine sand. Add a 10cm soil ridge around the ditch, and the north side should be higher enough to prevent rainwater from entering.
[0029] 3. Sowing seedlings
[0030] 1) Frozen storage of seeds: Soak the seeds with 1-3% aqueous soda solution for 30-60 minutes, then wash the medicine on the seed shell with 1-2% sodium chloride aqueous solution, and then put it in a well-ventilated room to dry in the shade. Stored in a cloth bag and placed in a refrigerator, stored for 2 to 3 months at a temperature of 0-5°C and a relative humidity of 40-50%.
[0031] 2) Seed pretreatment: When planting, take out the seeds from the refrigerator, soak the seeds with 75% alcohol solution for 0.5~1.0min, then sterilize with 0.1% mercury solution for 10~15min, soak in sterile warm water for 40~45 hours; Then mix it with wet sand containing carbendazim (water content of 3-4%, carbendazim content of 0.01-0.03%) and put it into a perforated kraft paper box, and germinate on the seedbed;
[0032] 3) Sowing: Put the germinated seeds with a cracking rate of 30% into an air-permeable and water-permeable nursery bowl, and cover them with 2cm fine sand and 1cm selenium-rich soil in sequence after sowing, and then cover with black film for heat preservation.
[0033] 4. Seedling management
[0034] Seedlings emerge from 25-28 days after sowing, and 0.8-1.2% Bordeaux mixture is sprayed every 7-8 days after emergence. When the seedlings grow with 4 pairs of true leaves, they can be refined and transplanted.
[0035] 5. Seedling transplanting
[0036] 1) Seedling strengthening and transplanting: When the seedlings have 4 to 5 pairs of leaves, start transplanting. Before transplanting, the seedlings in the seedbed should be ventilated and cooled to reduce soil moisture and increase light for 7-8 days. When transplanting, select seedlings according to the growth status of the seedlings. Those with large, fast-growing and small-growth leaves are transplanted to different nurseries, and covered with shading nets to avoid sun exposure.
[0037] 2) Management after transplanting: After seedlings are transplanted, the soil moisture and growth status should be regularly observed. Water and fertilize at the right time according to the condition of the seedlings, and apply 7-8kg nitrogen fertilizer (urea) per mu. At the same time, ensure that the nursery soil is loose, remove the growing weeds in time, and prevent the nursery from water accumulation.
[0038] 3) Early management of seedlings: When the plant grows to a height of 20cm, manually cut off the extra side branches and lower leaves in time to ensure the vigorous growth of the plant, and tie the support rods to control the tree shape in time.
[0039] 4) Cultivate annual, biennial and perennial rootstock seedlings according to the purpose of raising seedlings.

Example Embodiment

[0040] Example 2
[0041] In order to reflect the advancement of the present invention to the prior art, under the premise that nursery selection, seedbed treatment, and seedling transplanting are completely the same as in Example 1, the existing seeding and seedling raising steps are adopted, and the specific steps are as follows
[0042] 1) Frozen storage of seeds: Soak the seeds with 1-3% aqueous soda solution for 30-60 minutes, then wash the medicine on the seed shell with 1-2% sodium chloride aqueous solution, and then put it in a well-ventilated room to dry in the shade. Stored in a cloth bag and placed in a refrigerator, stored for 2 to 3 months at a temperature of 0-5°C and a relative humidity of 40-50%.
[0043] 2) Seed pretreatment: Take out the stored seeds from the storage in mid-March, put them in a water container such as a basin, soak them in clean water at 50°C for 48 hours, and separate the dried seeds. Then take it out and wash it, mix well in the ratio of 1 part of seed to 3 parts of wet sand (moisture content of 3-4%) and put it into a perforated plastic basin, and then place it side by side on a flat seedbed according to the pre-designed arrangement order, and then go to bed to germinate .
[0044] 3) Observe the seeds on the seedling bed every two days. When the seed cracks reach 30% or more, start sowing in the container. Before planting, place a plastic container with a diameter of 10cm and a height of 15cm in advance with nutrient soil (80% maturation soil: 10% sand: 2% olive treasure (special fertilizer for olives): 8% humus) to two-thirds of the container to reduce the crack rate The seeds in the accelerating pots that reach more than 30% are put into plastic containers one by one, and then 2cm of fine sand is covered on the seeds, and a thin layer of fine soil is placed on the seeds to maintain the temperature in the seedbed, and finally a wide cover is placed on the seedbed 1.2m plastic film, compacted with soil around the film. In order to ensure the temperature of the seedbed, a small arch shed was added to keep it warm.
[0045] The seedling emergence rate, seedling vigor, seedling quality, and the quality of olive oil after maturation in Examples 1 and 2 were compared. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
[0046] In the following table, the quality of seedlings and Olea europaea are divided into high, normal and poor, and disease resistance is divided into three levels: strong, normal and weak.
[0047] The criteria for judging the quality of seedlings are: randomly selected seedlings are transplanted into the same substrate, the survival rate is greater than or equal to 95% as high, the survival rate is between 85 and 90% is fair, and the survival rate is less than or equal to 85% as poor.
[0048] The standard for judging the quality of Olea europaea is to detect the content of monounsaturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid in Olea europaea. The content of monounsaturated fatty acid is ≥85% and the content of polyunsaturated fatty acid is ≥25%. The inventors stipulate that the quality is high; monounsaturated Fatty acid content is 75-85%, polyunsaturated fatty acid content is 10-22%, monounsaturated fatty acid content is 80-85%, polyunsaturated fatty acid content is 10-15%, monounsaturated fatty acid content The quality is between 75% and 80%, and the content of polyunsaturated fatty acid is between 15% and 22%. The quality is poor. The content of monounsaturated fatty acid is less than 75% and the content of polyunsaturated fatty acid is less than 10%.
[0049] The criterion for disease resistance is: during the process of seedling raising to transplanting and the final tree formation, the disease resistance rate is ≤3.5%; the disease resistance rate is between 4% and 7%, the disease resistance rate is normal; ≥8% is poor disease resistance.
[0050] Table 1-Seedling results
[0051]
[0052] From the judgment in Table 1 above, it can be seen that the technical scheme of the present invention is used to raise seedlings, whether it is seedling quality, disease resistance or quality of olive oil, there is a significant improvement over the prior art, which means that the technical scheme of the present invention can overcome The shortcomings in the prior art increase the quality of seedlings by more than 5%.
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the structure of the environmentally friendly knitted fabric provided by the present invention; figure 2 Flow chart of the yarn wrapping machine for environmentally friendly knitted fabrics and storage devices; image 3 Is the parameter map of the yarn covering machine
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