[0018] Reference figure 1 , 2 , 3, 4, 5, 6, specific implementations and examples of the present invention, including two sets of solar power sources 18, full-bridge inverter 17, soil moisture sensor 6, soil moisture measurement bridge 5, low frequency crystal oscillator 1, Buffer amplifier 2, active band pass filter 3, differential amplifier 4, precision detector 7, power amplifier 8, modulator 9, wireless transmitter 10, water source detection signal generator 15, water source detection sensor 16, water source optocoupler Control switch 12, wireless receiver 11, monostable delay relay 13, AC contactor 14, single-phase motor water pump 19, among them, the low-frequency crystal oscillator 1 outputs a sine wave signal through a buffer amplifier 2, an active band pass filter 3 Filter out high-order harmonics and connect to the input end of the soil moisture measurement bridge 5, the soil moisture measurement bridge 5 connect the soil moisture sensor to the measuring bridge arm 6, and the soil moisture measurement bridge 5 output through the differential amplifier 4, precision detector 7, The power amplifier 8 drives the modulator 9 to the wireless transmitter 10 for primary modulation to carry soil moisture measurement information, and the wireless transmitter 10 pulse-coded secondary modulation channel encryption is transmitted by the antenna, and electromagnetic waves are transmitted to the wireless receiver 11 through space, and the wireless receiver 11 pulses Decoding channel decryption, demodulation of soil moisture measurement information to control water pump irrigation, wireless receiver 11 outputs low-frequency sine wave from water source detection signal generator 15 to access water source detection sensor 16, water source optocoupler control switch 12 to provide sensing signals, water source detection The signal generator 15 is oscillated by RC Wien bridge, diode VD 7 , VD 8 Stable amplitude, triode VT 4 The emitter follower output is connected to the water source detection sensor 16 through the capacitive coupling detection electrode, diode VD 5 , VD 6 Detector, capacitor filter, current limiting resistor to transistor VT 2 Current amplification drives water source optocoupler control switch 12 light-emitting diodes, phototransistor and wireless receiver 11 decoding output drives monostable delay relay transistor VT 3 Series connection, relay 13 contact J 1-1 Connect AC contactor K14 coil and full bridge inverter output power, AC contactor contact K -1 , K -2 Connect the single-phase motor water pump 19 and the full-bridge inverter 17 output power, the single-phase motor water pump 19 is connected to the overload protection thermal relay FR, a set of solar power 18 output +V through the switch S 1 Connected to the power input end of the full-bridge inverter 17, and connected to the water source detection signal generator 15, the water source optocoupler control switch 12, and the wireless receiver 11 power end through the stabilized voltage. Another group of solar power sources 18 output +V through the switch S 1 Connect the soil measurement wireless transmitter 10, put it in the engineering plastic box with the soil measurement wireless transmitter 10 and the soil moisture sensor 6, and seal with epoxy resin.
[0019] The two sets of solar power control circuits are the same. Low-power solar cells and storage batteries are used for soil detection and wireless transmission. The wireless reception, full-bridge inverter and single-phase motor water pump are powered by high-power solar cells and storage batteries. Solar cell E 1 In the daytime, the water supply pump is working while the 2 Charged by battery E at night 2 Power supply and open the pump, day and night drought-resistant irrigation. Window voltage comparison chip IC a , Ic b Output level via transistor VT 9 Drive relay J 2 Control charging under-voltage and over-voltage to protect battery E 2 normal operation. Undervoltage control is in battery E 2 When the voltage is lower than the reference voltage of the window voltage comparison chip ICa, the relay J 2 Pick up, contact J 2-1 Switch on battery E 2 Charge when battery E 2 The voltage is sufficient, the overvoltage control voltage is higher than the window voltage comparison chip IC b Reference voltage, relay J 2 Release contact J 2-1 , Cut off the solar cell E 1 For battery E 2 Recharge. Open the pump to reduce the power consumption of the battery E 2 Voltage, solar power resumes charging.
[0020] Parallel Relay J 2 Diode VD 14 Suppress reverse voltage. Voltage regulator tube VD 15 And resistance R 46 , Capacitance C 15 Voltage stabilization guarantees accurate control of undervoltage and overvoltage. The window voltage comparison chip IC selects LM358 dual operational amplifier.
[0021] Low frequency crystal JT oscillator IC 1a Generate a stable low-frequency sine wave, through the buffer amplifier IC 1b Impedance matching, active bandpass filter IC 1c Filtering out high-order harmonics provides a high-quality signal source for measuring the electric bridge, acting on the soil moisture sensor RS to sense the resistivity of the soil moisture to change the characteristics of the electric bridge to achieve the purpose of detection.
[0022] Adjust potentiometer RP 1 Set the soil moisture to be irrigated to balance the bridge, differential amplifier IC 1d Output is zero, detector IC 2b , IC 2c , Power amplifier IC 2d No output signal, the wireless transmitter does not transmit remote control commands, so the wireless receiver does not output the decoded signal, the transistor VT 3 Cut-off, monostable delay relay contact J 1-1 Normally closed AC contactor K, contact K -1 , K -2 Turn on the motor M and start the water pump for pumping irrigation; the soil moisture reaches the set value, that is, the soil resistivity measurement bridge is out of balance, and the differential amplifier IC 1d The output signal passes the detector IC 2b , IC 2c , Power amplifier IC 2d , VT 1 Drive the wireless transmitter for primary modulation to carry soil moisture measurement information, and the radio frequency transmitter for pulse coding secondary modulation and channel encryption by antenna A 1 Launch, electromagnetic waves are transmitted to antenna A through space 2 , Wireless receiver, wireless receiver pulse decoding channel decryption, demodulation of soil moisture measurement information control monostable delay relay contact J 1-1 Release AC contactor K, contact K -1 , K -2 Disconnect the motor M water pump to stop irrigation and complete the set water supply. The monostable delay time is 5 to 10 seconds to prevent frequent start and stop of the pump when the soil is critically wet. Potentiometer RP 2 Adjust the sensitivity of telemetry and remote control.
[0023] The water source detection sensor of the wireless radio frequency receiver detects the moisture content of the water source of the water inlet pipe JSG, and the electrode of the water source is sufficient by the IC 1 LM741 low-frequency oscillation alternating sine wave conduction, through the blocking capacitor C 6 , C 11 , Diode VD 5 , VD 6 Detector, capacitance C 7 Filter, transistor VT 2 Current amplification drive optocoupler ELD, wireless receiver decoding output signal drive IC 3 555 Monostable Delay Relay J 1 , AC contactor K control motor M water pump for pumping irrigation; such as the water inlet pipe JSG cut off, the water source detection sensor electrode is open, optocoupler ELD, triode VT 2 Cut-off monostable delay relay release contact J 1-1 Disconnect AC contactor K, AC contactor contact K -1 , K -2 Disconnect the power supply of the motor M to ensure that the power of the motor M is cut off, the water pump stops pumping, to prevent the water pump from idling damage, and the thermal relay FR protection is connected to prevent the motor M from overloading during operation.
[0024] The soil moisture sensor and the water source detection sensor electrode are all set as AC sine wave sensing protection measures, which can effectively avoid the electrolytic polarization corrosion caused by the DC sensor electrode, and ensure the long-term reliable use of the wireless remote sensing and remote control water pump. Soil moisture measuring device IC 1a~d , IC 2a~d Using two four-op amp LM234, of which IC 2a Positive input resistance R 18 , R 19 Voltage division, output 1/2 power supply voltage as IC 1a~d , IC 2c~b The reference voltage allows each to work in the linear region for single-supply battery power supply. Differential amplifier IC 1d Positive and negative input terminal limiting parallel diode VD 1 , VD 2 Prevent signal overload from affecting measurement accuracy. The power of the wireless receiver is powered by a solar power source through a three-terminal regulator IC 2 , Capacitor filter C 12 , C 13 powered by.
[0025] Wireless receiving/transmitting crystal oscillator high frequency stable remote measurement and remote control, large pulse code decoding capacity, strong anti-interference, stable operation of farmland in adjacent areas, reliable and non-interference. The wireless telemetry remote control distance is set according to the irrigation area and the distance of the water source. The carrier frequency, transmission power and antenna radiation characteristics and reception sensitivity are set. The carrier frequency uses ISM frequency 2.45GHz, transmission power 15mdb, reception sensitivity -100mdb, 1/4 wavelength antenna transmission/reception , Control irrigation from tens of meters to hundreds of meters. Solar power full bridge inverter output power 5kw matching power 4.7kw single-phase motor water pump, pumping water 5000L/nin, irrigating 20 hectares of farmland. Large-area farmland irrigation can be combined with group-controlled wireless telemetry receiving/sending irrigation to improve irrigation effects.
[0026] The solar power wireless remote measurement and remote control of farmland soil humidity fully automatic irrigation solves the inconvenience of laying of AC power grid, especially the irrigation of farmland far away from the water source, insufficient water source and uneven terrain. When the water reaches sufficient or sufficient moisture, the water supply is stopped, and the water supply is restarted when the water is insufficient. , Water is sufficient to shut down, this cycle will automatically turn on and off, without manual operation, avoid water shortage or excessive water supply, automatic intelligent and efficient water-saving and power-saving, keep the soil moisture of the farmland within the specified range, so that different crops can be Optimal growth, saving time and effort, greatly improving the level of agricultural planting production.
