Drilling Safety Monitoring and Intelligent Protection System

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling safety, in particular to a safe monitoring and protection device for drilling and an intelligent protection system of the safe monitoring and protection device. The safe monitoring and protection device for drilling comprises a data acquisition unit, a control processing unit and a safe protection execution unit; the control processing unit comprises an PLC (programmable logic controller) and an industrial personal computer, the PLC is connected with the industrial personal computer through a serial port; various kinds of sensors of the data acquisition unit acquire on-site operation data and transmit the data to the PLC and the industrial personal computer in real time; the safe protection execution unit comprises a pumping pressure protection mechanism and a runner wagon protection mechanism; a pressure sensor mounted on a vertical pipe or a slurry pump, a winch sensor mounted on a winch barrel and a weight transducer mounted on a deadline anchor output signals to be connected with the PLC; the PLC is in control connection with the pumping pressure protection mechanism and the runner wagon protection mechanism. According to the safe monitoring and intelligent protection device for drilling, the safe protection execution unit comprises a pumping pressure protection sub-system which mainly adopts an active response type safe protection method, and when pumping pressure reaches a set protection value, the pump stops firstly and then pressure relief is performed.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to oil drilling safety monitoring and protection technology, in particular to a drilling safety monitoring and protection device and an intelligent protection system, which is applied to oil drilling and has certain practical significance for reducing the risk of oil drilling and ensuring the safety of people's lives and properties . Background technique [0002] The oil drilling industry is one of the high-risk sub-sectors of the oil industry. There have been some major safety accidents in oil drilling in history, which not only caused heavy economic losses, but also had huge negative social impacts. Especially in recent years, with the rapid development of the domestic oil industry and the rapid expansion of oil drilling teams, tripping out of drilling and grouting is not timely, overflow and lost circulation monitoring is not accurate, traveling car tops the crane, pauses drilling, slides drilling, and lost circulation Can no...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0007] 1) No automatic pump stop function: the drilling pump is still running after the safety valve works and the pressure is released, and the pump can only be stopped after the operator finds out, causing a large amount of mud to overflow, which may cause injury to the on-site staff and cause environmental pollution;

[0008] 2) The positioning pin is easily deformed, resulting in an increase in the error of the shear force, causing the safety valve to release pressure in advance or lagging behind to cause an accident;

[0009] 3) The calibration value of the positioning pin is only 5-6, which cannot meet the standard and the actual work requirements on site;

[0010] 4) If the safety valve is not maintained in time, it will easily lead to rust and jam, and it will not work normally when the pump pressure is out of control;

[0011] 5) The interval between restarting the drilling pump after pressure relief is long

In actual use, neither of the above two methods can timely, accurately, stably and reliably judge whether there is a well kick and lost circulation due to (1) the density, viscosity, temperature, flow rate, etc. of the mud in the reflux tank They are constantly changing with the drilling, and the silt and drill cuttings contained in the mud make the flow state of the mud into a multiphase flow. In such a complex environment, the duck tongue flowmeter or ultrasonic liquid level gauge cannot achieve stable and reliable measurement.

(2) The usual requirement at home and abroad is that the leakage amount exceeds the normal value by 1-2 square meters, and the alarm must be issued, and the change of 1-2 square meters is reflected in the liquid level of the reflux tank. The change is only 1 mm, and the duck tongue plate Flowmeters or ultrasonic level gauges cannot accurately detect such small changes in the liquid level of the reflux tank

But when there is a security risk, it cannot achieve effective control

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