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An Alternating Trajectory Cutting Rock Breaking Tool

A trajectory and rock-breaking technology, which is applied in drilling equipment, drilling equipment and methods, and earthwork drilling and mining, etc., can solve the problems of high requirements for individual design of PDC drill bit structure, decreased drill bit formation penetration ability, and poor formation adaptability, etc. To solve the problem, achieve the effect of flexible hydraulic structure of the cone, not easy to crack or fail, and improve drilling safety

Active Publication Date: 2018-01-26
SOUTHWEST PETROLEUM UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Its main manifestations are as follows: ① When drilling in soft and hard alternate formations, tooth failure phenomena such as broken teeth, chipped teeth, and composite sheet shedding are prone to occur; The stress decreases sharply, which in turn reduces the formation penetration ability of the drill bit, and the ROP is significantly reduced; ③The formation has high requirements for the individual design of the PDC bit structure, and the formation adaptability is not strong

Method used

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  • An Alternating Trajectory Cutting Rock Breaking Tool
  • An Alternating Trajectory Cutting Rock Breaking Tool
  • An Alternating Trajectory Cutting Rock Breaking Tool

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0057] Such as Figure 1 to Figure 8 , Figure 13 to Figure 20 As shown, a rock-breaking tool with alternating trajectory cutting of the present invention is composed of a drill bit assembly 1, a cardan shaft assembly 2, a screw motor assembly 3, a bypass valve assembly 4, a lower casing 51, a middle casing Body 52 and upper case 53. The drill bit assembly includes a drill bit body 11, a bearing system, a sealing system, and a lubrication system. A plurality of blades 121 are arranged on the bit body 11, and main cutting teeth 122 and gauge teeth 1221 are fixed on the blades 121 as the cutting structure of the present invention. A central nozzle 151 and several side nozzles 152 are also arranged on the drill body 11 , and the flow channels between the blades together constitute the hydraulic structure of the drill body 11 .

[0058] Wherein: the bearing system of the drill bit assembly 1 includes a radial bearing 146, which mainly bears the radial force of the drill bit bod...

Embodiment 2

[0073] Such as Figure 9 As shown, this embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, and the difference is that active gauge teeth 5121 or passive gauge teeth 5122 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the lower housing 51, or the active gauge teeth 5121 The gauge cloth tooth structure combined with the passive gauge tooth 5122. The active gauge teeth 5121 and the passive gauge teeth 5122 are preferentially made of polycrystalline diamond composite teeth, and may also be carbide cutting teeth, diamond-impregnated cutting teeth, composite teeth with a diamond layer, or other petroleum, natural gas, geological and mining tools. Cutting teeth for rock-breaking drill bits used in drilling engineering.

[0074] The structural scheme proposed in the second embodiment can further enrich the diameter-gauge cutting structure of the present invention, so that it has stronger diameter-gauge ability and drilling stability, thereby further improving the comprehensive workin...

Embodiment 3

[0076] Such as Figure 10 As shown, the present embodiment is basically the same as the second embodiment, the difference being that the drill bit body 11 is composed of two parts of different materials, which are the powder metallurgy material part 11a with the blade structure feature in the lower part, and the shaft part in the upper part. The metallic material portion 11b of the neck structural feature.

[0077] Powder metallurgy material (such as "WC-Co" cemented carbide, etc.) is an alloy material made of hard compound of refractory metal and bonding metal through powder metallurgy process. In the manufacture of PDC drill bits, powder metallurgy materials are commonly used to make the body structure of the drill bit, which has the advantages of high hardness, good wear resistance, and strong erosion resistance. PDC drill bits with the characteristics of this material are often used in high-hardness, high-abrasive dense formations. In this embodiment, the part 11a with t...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a rock breaking tool capable of achieving cutting in an alternate trajectory. The rock breaking tool comprises a drill assembly and an outer shell group, wherein a cardan shaft assembly, a screw motor assembly and a bypass valve assembly are arranged in the outer shell group; the drill assembly is installed at the lower end of a lower shell to form rotary connection and is fixedly connected with the cardan shaft assembly by a screw; cutting teeth are fixed on a drill body. The rock breaking tool is characterized in that the axial tilt alpha is formed between the axis of rotation of the drill body and the axis of rotation of the outer shell group, so that revolution of the outer shell group is combined with rotation of the drill body, thus achieving cutting motion of the cutting teeth in the alternate trajectory; the cardan shaft assembly is directly connected with the drill body fixedly. The rock breaking tool has the beneficial effects that stable and reliable cutting motion of the cutting teeth in the alternate trajectory can be achieved, so that the penetration capacity of a drill on hard rocks can be obviously improved and then the rock breaking efficiency can be improved; meanwhile, a drill-screw drill composition structure is simplified, thus improving the well drilling safety and reducing the costs of well drilling tools.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of drilling equipment such as petroleum and natural gas, mining engineering, building foundation engineering construction, geology, hydrology, etc., and specifically relates to a rock-breaking tool (including a drill bit tool). Background technique: [0002] The PDC bit is a rock-breaking tool for drilling. It has technical advantages such as high drilling safety, flexible structure, and high-efficiency rock-breaking in the form of shearing and breaking rocks. According to statistics, it currently accounts for 80% of the total drilling footage in the world. The above are all completed by the PDC drill bit, occupying an absolutely important position. The trajectory of conventional fixed cutter PDC bit at the bottom of the well is circular, and each tooth performs scraping movement along its own fixed rotation trajectory (scraping on the same trajectory). Whether it is the form of on-site drill bit drilling ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): E21B7/00E21B4/02E21B10/60E21B10/43
CPCE21B4/006E21B4/02E21B7/00E21B10/43E21B10/60
Inventor 周春晓任海涛杨迎新
Owner SOUTHWEST PETROLEUM UNIV
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