A non-consumable multi-source trace harmful gas removal device and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of life support and environmental control in spaceflight and aviation and particularly relates to a non-consumptive type device and method for removing multisource trace harmful gases. The non-consumptive type device comprises an air feeding unit and an adsorbing and desorbing unit, and also comprises necessary parts, namely a control valve, a connecting pipeline and a control system, wherein the adsorbing and desorbing unit is an integrated separator, and comprises a lower adsorber and an upper adsorber; the lower adsorber adopts a large-aperture hydrophobic type hollow fiber molecular sieve as an adsorbent for adsorbing toxic and harmful gases in raw gas; the upper adsorber adopts a small-aperture hydrophobic type hollow fiber molecular sieve as an adsorbent for adsorbing a little amount of toxic and harmful gas molecules with smaller particle diameter and water; a desorbing device is arranged between the upper adsorber and the lower adsorber and is used for heating and regenerating the used adsorbent. Multiple integrated separators can be arranged in parallel or in series for operation. The non-consumptive type device has the advantages that broad-spectrum comprehensive removal of multisource trace harmful gases in a cabin can be effectively realized, and the weight, the power consumption and consumable supplementing need of the system are reduced.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aerospace life protection and environmental control, and specifically relates to a multi-source trace harmful gas removal device and method of the atmosphere regeneration subsystem in a life protection environmental control system, and more specifically, relates to a non-consumable multi-source trace harmful gas Removal device and method. Background technique [0002] Environmental control and life support system (ECLSS for short) is the most important system of manned spacecraft. Generally, the environmental control and life support system consists of six subsystems: temperature and humidity control subsystem, atmospheric control and supply subsystem , Atmospheric regeneration subsystem, fire detection and extinguishing subsystem, water recovery and management subsystem, and waste management subsystem. [0003] Atmospheric regeneration subsystem is directly related to the safety of aircraft occupants. Its main...

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Problems solved by technology

[0012] The non-regenerative harmful gas removal technology is a consumable treatment technology because the absorption / adsorbent is not renewable, which not only needs to be carried in large quantities, but also faces problems such as rapid mass increase and difficulty in resupply during medium and long-term manned spaceflight missions. In long-term manned spaceflight missions, physics, especially renewable cleaning technology is obviously more competitive, it overcomes the defects of non-regenerative processing technology, because it can be regenerated, it can obtain higher economic efficiency and cost-effectiveness, but , because traditional molecular sieves have competitive adsorption of harmful impurity gases and water, and even water is more easily adsorbed by molecular sieves, which greatly reduces its adsorption capacity, which makes the device design more complicated, difficult to control, and larger in weight, volume, and power consumption

[0013] At the same time, even if the adsorption treatment technology is adopted, it is difficult for the traditional single molecular sieve bed to achieve broad-spectrum adsorption and removal of complex and multi-source harmful impurity gases. In addition, because the molecular sieve is a granular molecular sieve, there are vibrations, These molecular sieves are easily broken into powder under impact environmental conditions. Even in normal operation, the fluidization phenomenon of molecular sieves will be caused by objective design conditions such as frequent switching and high design space velocity under the constraints of space and volume, which not only reduces the system service life, will also pollute its downstream equipment

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