A Welding Method for Improving the Stability of Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding Process

Abstract

The invention discloses a welding method for improving the stability of a laser-electric arc composite welding process, and relates to the field of material processing engineering. Low-temperature treatment is carried out on shielding gas, independent paraxial shielding gas is added on one side of an electric arc welding gun, and the axis direction of the paraxial shielding gas points to a laser action spot and the space above the laser action spot, namely where photoinduced plasma is generated during welding, and the effect of improving the stability of the composite welding process is realized. The welding method is high in welding efficiency, air holes and hot cracks are inhibited, the mechanical property is improved, and the welding stability of a long welding joint is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of material processing engineering, in particular to a welding method for improving the stability of a laser-arc hybrid welding process. Background technique [0002] Laser-arc hybrid welding was first proposed and tested by British scholar W.M.Steen in the late 1970s. It combines two heat sources, laser and electric arc, to overcome the deficiency of a single heat source, so as to obtain the effects of increasing energy utilization and improving the stability of the welding process. Laser-arc composite heat source welding has the advantages of fast welding speed, large weld penetration, low heat input, and small deformation, so as to achieve the effects of low cost, high efficiency, and high adaptability. Especially suitable for medium and thick plate welding. [0003] At present, the following problems exist when laser-arc hybrid welding is used: [0004] (1) There is a phenomenon of "limited energy enhancement" ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] (1) There is a phenomenon of "limited energy enhancement" in laser-arc hybrid welding, that is, there is a matching range. When laser and arc hybrid welding, only within a certain current range, the interaction between laser and arc has an enhanced effect, otherwise, The effect of hybrid welding is even worse than that of single laser welding;

[0005] (2) When using laser-arc hybrid welding, especially when laser-GMA arc hybrid welding is used, the requirements for the penetration depth of hybrid welding are relatively large, and the demand for laser power is high, which increases the cost of the laser, and when When the laser power is high, the reaction force of the laser plasma will seriously hinder the transfer of the GMA welding droplet, making the transfer of the GMA droplet difficult and unstable;

[0006] (3) When laser-arc hybrid welding is used for backing welding, since the arc is attracted by the side wall of the groove, a large area of ​​both sides is melted, and defects such as pores and lack of fusion may be caused during the subsequent welding process;

[0007] (4) Due to the high laser power, the plasma cumulative effect increases during the welding process, which easily leads to a decrease in the effective power of the laser, and the reinforcement at the back of the weld is rapidly reduced or even incomplete penetration occurs;

[0008] (5) When welding thick plates, due to the action of plasma, the plasma has a certain loss of laser energy. Therefore, the input of laser welding energy is large, resulting in large welding stress and welding deformation, and the grains in the heat-affected zone are easy to grow. and embrittlement

For example, patent CN201310039463.4 proposes a laser-TIG arc paraxial composite welding method and device with external high-frequency magnetic field, and patent CN201320057081.X proposes a laser-TIG arc coaxial composite welding device with external high-frequency magnetic field , the patent CN201320198864.X proposed a laser melting electrode arc paraxial composite welding device with an external high-frequency magnetic field, but the above are all improvements to the arc to improve the hybrid welding effect, and there are few suppression measures for the laser

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