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General method for in-situ rapid decomposition of southern crop straw

A technology of crop straw and general method, which is applied in the field of in-situ rapid decomposing of crop straw in the south, can solve the problems of difficulty, hindering the enthusiasm of straw returning to the field, and different application methods, and achieve simple and easy operation steps, economical and practical raw materials, and applicable scope wide effect

Inactive Publication Date: 2017-01-18
INST OF SUBTROPICAL AGRI CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the cost of using these commercial microbial inoculants is not only high, but also the physical structure and chemical composition of different crops are quite different, the types of microbial inoculants applicable to them are different, and the application methods are also different; Moved to the farmland, increasing the labor input of straw decomposing
Under the current shortage of rural labor force, it hinders the enthusiasm of farmers to implement straw returning to the field, and it also makes it difficult for farmers to master the technology of straw returning to the field, which seriously restricts the large-scale promotion of straw returning to the field

Method used

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  • General method for in-situ rapid decomposition of southern crop straw
  • General method for in-situ rapid decomposition of southern crop straw
  • General method for in-situ rapid decomposition of southern crop straw

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0025] A method for quickly decomposing rice straw in situ, the steps of which are:

[0026] a. In the paddy field, after the rice is harvested, take 15kg of straw, allow it to maintain field humidity and crush it (diameter≤1cm), to obtain straw debris (moisture content 42%);

[0027] b. Take 3.5kg of surface soil (0-15cm, moisture content 78%) that has been continuously planted with rice for more than 20 years and has been returned to the field in the past 5 years, and let it dry naturally until the moisture content is about 60% (the soil is about 2.9kg) ;

[0028] c. Take 10kg of sawdust (with a moisture content of 18% and a diameter of 1 to 3mm) from a local wood processing factory; mix them according to the ratio of straw debris: sawdust: paddy field soil: urea: 15kg: 10kg: 2.9kg: 1kg, and put Put into the cleaned big plastic bucket, altogether 28.9kg of mixtures;

[0029] d. Add 17.9kg of water to the container until the moisture content of the mixture is about 60%, com...

Embodiment 2

[0038] A method for rapidly decomposing wheat straw in situ, the steps of which are:

[0039] A. In the wheat field soil, after the wheat is harvested, take 20kg of wheat straw, allow it to keep the field humidity and pulverize it (diameter≤1cm), to obtain straw debris (moisture content 28%);

[0040] b. Take 4kg (0-15cm, moisture content 50%) of the surface soil that has been continuously planted with wheat for 12 years and has been returned to the field with wheat straw in the past 8 years, and let it maintain the natural humidity;

[0041] c. Take 20kg of sawdust (moisture content 18%, diameter 1-3mm) from the local wood processing factory; mix according to the ratio of wheat straw debris: sawdust: wheat field soil: urea: 20kg: 20kg: 4kg: 1kg, and Put it into a cleaned large plastic bucket, with a total of 45kg of the mixture;

[0042] d. Add 35.5kg of water to the container until the water content of the mixture is 58%, compact it slightly, shade it, place it in a rain sh...

Embodiment 3

[0050] A method for quickly decomposing cotton stalks in situ, the steps of which are:

[0051] A. In the cotton field soil, after the cotton is harvested, take 15kg of cotton stalks, allow it to maintain field humidity and pulverize (diameter≤1cm), to obtain straw debris (moisture content 25%);

[0052] b. Take 5 kg (0-15 cm, moisture content 44%) of the surface soil that has been planted with cotton continuously for 8 years and has returned cotton stalks to the field for the past 5 years, and let it maintain the natural humidity;

[0053]c. Take 25kg of sawdust (moisture content 20%, diameter 1-3mm) from the local timber processing factory; mix according to the ratio of cotton straw debris: sawdust: cotton field soil: urea: 15kg: 25kg: 5kg: 1kg, and Put it into a clean large plastic bucket, with a total of 46kg of mixture;

[0054] d. Add 54.1kg of water to the container until the water content of the mixture is 65%, compact it slightly, shade it, place it in a rain shelter...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a general method for in-situ rapid decomposition of southern crop straw, comprising the following steps: a, crushing crop straw in a field ecosystem and after crop harvesting, so as to obtain straw debris; b, fetching farmland topsoil which is used for cultivation of a same crop continuously for many years and undergoes corresponding straw application; c, uniformly mixing the crop straw debris, sawdust and farmland topsoil according to a certain ratio, and putting the mixture into a clean plastic container; d, adding water to the mixture in the container, compacting, shading, placing the open mouth in a rain shelter room, and preparing a microbial preparation; e, carrying out mechanical shearing on the straw and putting the sheared straw onto the farmland topsoil; f, reducing carbon nitrogen ratio when the straw surface is still wet after rain; g, applying the prepared microbial preparation onto the surface of farmland soil and crop straw; and h, decomposing the crop straw in the field. The general method is simple to operate, is low-cost, has high decomposition efficiency, has a wide application range, and has a good decomposition effect on different crop straws.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of organic matter decomposition, and in particular relates to a general method for quickly decomposing crop stalks in the south, which is applicable to various farmland ecosystems in the south. Background technique [0002] my country is a large agricultural country, with about 700 million tons of various crop straw resources each year, which are rich in nutrients needed by plants, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc. Straw returning to the field can not only improve soil fertility and increase food production, but also is an important national measure to achieve efficient use of agricultural resources and reduce environmental pollution caused by straw burning. However, after crop straws are returned to the field, their decomposition rate is low under natural conditions, which seriously hinders the follow-up agricultural activities and reduces labor efficiency. In the past, to promote the maturity ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C05F17/00C05G3/00
CPCC05C9/00C05F17/00C05G3/00C05F5/002C05F11/00C05F11/08Y02W30/40
Inventor 苏以荣陈香碧胡亚军冯书珍夏银行
Owner INST OF SUBTROPICAL AGRI CHINESE ACAD OF SCI