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Method for synthesizing Gemini surfactant

A technology of gemini surface and synthesis method, applied in chemical instruments and methods, preparation of organic compounds, preparation of carboxylic acid halides, etc., can solve the problems of limited popularization and application, easy precipitation of aqueous solution stability, and breakthrough in molecular structure, etc. Achieving good application prospects, critical micelle concentration and low surface tension

Inactive Publication Date: 2017-04-26
TARIM UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, these physical methods also have limitations, such as the compounding of positive / negative ionic surfactants. Although the surface activity of the solution is improved to a certain extent, due to the electrical properties of the ionic headgroup of the 1:1 positive / negative ionic surfactants Being neutralized, it destroys the stability of the aqueous solution of the mixed components and easily produces precipitation, which limits their popularization and application
One of the attempts to find a way to overcome is to embed polyoxyethylene chains on the positive / negative ionic surfactants to make them more hydrophilic, but this inevitably brings repulsive side effects of the oxyethylene group hydration layer
[0003] However, the above changes have not made a breakthrough in the molecular structure, so exploring new surfactants with high surface activity has always been a hot topic.

Method used

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  • Method for synthesizing Gemini surfactant
  • Method for synthesizing Gemini surfactant
  • Method for synthesizing Gemini surfactant

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0020] The synthesis method of gemini surfactant includes the following steps:

[0021] (1) Synthesis of ethyl bromotetradecanoate;

[0022]

[0023] Add 0.1 mol of tetradecanoic acid to the three-necked flask, add 0.125 mol of thionyl chloride dropwise with stirring at 60°C, add dropwise for 2 hours, continue the reaction for 1 hour, heat to evaporate excess thionyl chloride; add 1.2 mmol Iodine, add 0.12mol elemental bromine with stirring at 85~90℃, continue to react for 1h after dripping, then add 0.27mol absolute ethanol dropwise at 55℃, continue stirring, reflux for 1h, cool to room temperature and add 32mL Water and 2.9mmol Na 2 S 2 O 3 , Wash the organic layer with water, and then use anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 After drying, it is distilled under reduced pressure and separated by column chromatography. The chromatographic column is a silica gel column. The eluent is petroleum ether and ethyl acetate. The volume ratio of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate is 30:1 (which can make the ...

Embodiment 2

[0037] The synthesis method of gemini surfactant includes the following steps:

[0038] (1) Synthesis of ethyl bromotetradecanoate;

[0039]

[0040] Add 0.1 mol of tetradecanoic acid to the three-necked flask, add 0.125 mol of thionyl chloride dropwise with stirring at 60°C, add dropwise for 2 hours, continue the reaction for 1 hour, heat to evaporate excess thionyl chloride; add 1.2 mmol Iodine, add 0.12mol elemental bromine with stirring at 85~90℃, continue to react for 1h after dripping, then add 0.27mol absolute ethanol dropwise at 55℃, continue stirring, reflux for 1h, cool to room temperature and add 32mL Water and 2.9mmol Na 2 S 2 O 3 , Wash the organic layer with water, and then use anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 After drying, it is distilled under reduced pressure and separated by column chromatography. The chromatographic column is a silica gel column. The eluent is petroleum ether and ethyl acetate. The volume ratio of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate is 30:1 (which can make the ...

Embodiment 3

[0054] The synthesis method of gemini surfactant includes the following steps:

[0055] (1) Synthesis of ethyl bromotetradecanoate;

[0056]

[0057] Add 0.1 mol of tetradecanoic acid to the three-necked flask, add 0.125 mol of thionyl chloride dropwise with stirring at 60°C, add dropwise for 2 hours, continue the reaction for 1 hour, heat to evaporate excess thionyl chloride; add 1.2 mmol Iodine, add 0.12mol elemental bromine with stirring at 85~90℃, continue to react for 1h after dripping, then add 0.27mol absolute ethanol dropwise at 55℃, continue stirring, reflux for 1h, cool to room temperature and add 32mL Water and 2.9mmol Na 2 S 2 O 3 , Wash the organic layer with water, and then use anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 After drying, it is distilled under reduced pressure and separated by column chromatography. The chromatographic column is a silica gel column. The eluent is petroleum ether and ethyl acetate. The volume ratio of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate is 30:1 (which can make the ...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for synthesizing a Gemini surfactant. The method comprises the following steps: (1) synthesizing ethyl bromomyristate or methyl bromomyristate; (2) synthesizing potassium xanthate; (3) synthesizing an intermediate I; and (4) synthesizing an intermediate II. The Gemini surfactant prepared by the method disclosed by the invention is relatively low in critical micelle concentration and surface tension, thereby having a very good application prospect.

Description

Technical field [0001] The present invention relates to the preparation of surfactants. More specifically, it relates to a method for synthesizing gemini surfactants. Background technique [0002] The self-organizing behavior of surfactants due to the molecular asymmetric structure and the ability to reduce the surface tension of aqueous solutions make it widely used and important in scientific research and production applications. Reduce the static electricity and hydration layer repulsion between the hydrophilic head and base of the surfactant, and promote its closer arrangement in the self-organized structure, which will effectively improve its surface activity. For example, when the surfactant is in the gas / liquid When the interface is loosely arranged, a number of methylene groups (instead of the methyl groups of the carbon chain end groups) generated due to the inclination of the carbon chain on the interface occupy part of the area facing the air; if the surfactant is on ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C07C303/32C07C309/17B01F17/10C09K23/10
CPCC07C51/60C07C51/62C07C67/14C07C303/02C07C303/16C07C303/32C07C329/14C07C329/16C09K23/00
Inventor 姜建辉梁鹏举赵俭波朱晶晶
Owner TARIM UNIV
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