Method for hydrolyzing isopropyl nitrate

A technology of isopropyl nitrate and aqueous solution, applied in directions such as hydrolysis preparation, organic chemistry, etc., can solve problems such as reducing efficiency, waste, shortening, etc., and achieve the effects of simple experimental conditions, high deesterification rate, and short time consumption

Active Publication Date: 2017-07-21
NANJING UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

In September 2016, Chen Yongkang et al. (CN105923736A: the treatment method of isopropyl nitrate in water) disclosed the method of co-catalyzing the treatment of isopropyl nitrate with sulfuric acid and Fenton reagent, the ester removal rate of this method is only 86%, and the Fenton reagent The treatment efficiency is affected by many factors, and the control conditions are complicated during the actual treatment of isopropyl nitrate, which is not conducive to implementation
In December, 2016, Chen Yongkang etc. (CN106186266A: the safe and efficient processing method of isopropyl nitrate) disclosed a kind of method of sodium sulfide aqueous solution hydrolysis isopropyl nitrate again, and this method shortened technique, simplified operation, but the lye The amount of input is as much as 30 times that of isopropyl nitrate, and the deesterification is not thorough enough, which not only brings huge waste, but also greatly reduces the efficiency of actual production

Method used

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  • Method for hydrolyzing isopropyl nitrate
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  • Method for hydrolyzing isopropyl nitrate

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0016] Example 1: Add isopropyl nitrate (20mL, 0.2mol), sodium hydroxide (6.4g, 0.16mol), water (40mL, 2.22mol) into the autoclave, heat to 140°C in the autoclave, and the pressure is 0.9MPa , start to react, after reacting for 30 minutes, cool down to room temperature, distill the reaction solution, collect fractions at 80-84°C, gas detection, the results are as attached image 3 shown, with the attached figure 1 It can be seen that the raw material isopropyl nitrate reacts almost completely, and with the attached figure 2 It can be seen that the peak at the retention time of 0.56 min is the isopropanol peak. The calculated removal rate of isopropyl nitrate is 98.4%, and the yield of isopropanol is 66.8%.

Embodiment 2

[0017] Example 2: Add isopropyl nitrate (20mL, 0.2mol), sodium hydroxide (8.8g, 0.22mol), water (80mL, 4.44mol) into the autoclave, heat to 140°C in the autoclave, and the pressure is 0.8MPa , start to react, after reacting for 30 minutes, cool down to room temperature, distill the reaction solution, collect fractions at 80-84°C, gas detection, the results are as attached image 3 shown, with the attached figure 1 It can be seen that the raw material isopropyl nitrate reacts almost completely, and with the attached figure 2 It can be seen that the peak at the retention time of 0.56 min is the isopropanol peak. The calculated removal rate of isopropyl nitrate is 99.1%, and the yield of isopropanol is 63.6%.

Embodiment 3

[0018] Example 3: Add isopropyl nitrate (20mL, 0.2mol), sodium hydroxide (12g, 0.3mol), water (100mL, 5.56mol) into the autoclave, heat to 140°C in the kettle, pressure 0.8MPa, Start the reaction, after reacting for 30 minutes, cool down to room temperature, distill the reaction solution, collect fractions at 80-84°C, and test the gaseous quality. The results are shown in the attached image 3 shown, with the attached figure 1 It can be seen that the raw material isopropyl nitrate reacts almost completely, and with the attached figure 2 It can be seen that the peak at the retention time of 0.56 min is the isopropanol peak. The calculated removal rate of isopropyl nitrate is 99.7%, and the yield of isopropanol is 64.8%.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for hydrolyzing isopropyl nitrate, wherein the method includes steps of filling isopropyl nitrate and water solution of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide in a high-pressure reaction kettle; raising temperature to 140-160 DEG C, controlling pressure to 0.8-1.8 MPa, and then reacting for 20-40 min. Compared with the prior art, the method applies a few amount of low-price water solution of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide to hydrolyze the isopropyl nitrate, thus the isopropyl alcohol is generated; the isopropyl nitrate is recycled through a very simple method; method is simple in experimental condition, easy to operate, short in time waste; the ester removal rate is up to over 99%, and the isopropyl alcohol yield is up to 70%.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of safe treatment of nitrate ester energetic materials, and also relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment containing such compounds. Background technique [0002] Isopropyl nitrate is used in explosives and propellants due to its explosiveness, and is widely used in civil and national defense constructions such as engineering construction, weapons and ammunition, rocket launch, and medicine. In addition, in the petrochemical industry, isopropyl nitrate can be added to fuel as a cetane number improver to improve ignition performance. Isopropyl nitrate has the following characteristics: strong oxidizing property, flammable, will cause combustion and explosion when exposed to open flame or high heat; strong volatility and toxicity, slightly soluble in water, harmful to human body after inhalation, oral administration or skin absorption; comparative chemical properties Stable and not easily biodeg...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C07C29/12C07C31/10
CPCC07C29/12C07C31/10
Inventor 胡炳成肖勇余传明章冲刘成彭辉郑占胜
Owner NANJING UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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