Grafting method for big hard walnut trees of highland and cold mountainous areas

Abstract

The invention provides a grafting method for big hard walnut trees of highland and cold mountainous areas. The method comprises the steps: shearing developmental branches or vegetative shoots from soft walnut trees at a later dormant stage of the soft walnut trees in a manner that tops of scions are reserved with apical buds, and carrying out wax sealing when the moisture content of the scions is 80% to 85%; selecting graft branches from the big hard walnut trees, cutting off the graft branches to leave root segments with the length of 25cm to 35cm, and forming a cut, which has the width of 6cm to 10cm and a depth reaching a woody part, in each cut section; dipping the scions with cytokinin, then, inserting the scions in the cuts of the graft branches, binding graft unions, adding plastic bags to the unions, loading the plastic bags with disinfected mountain base soil, exposing the apical buds of the scions, forming draining holes in bottoms of the plastic bags, and removing new buds and new shoots from the big hard walnut trees in time; and removing the plastic bags, the mountain base soil and binding ropes when each new shoot of each scion has the height of 24cm to 26cm and the thickness of 0.5cm to 2cm, carrying out conventional management, and removing fruits born in the same year or the ensuing year of grafting, thereby completing grafting. According to the method, the survival rate is effectively increased, and the survival rate of plants is 100%.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a grafting method, in particular to a method for grafting large iron walnut trees in alpine mountainous areas, and belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation. Background technique [0002] Walnut is an important nut and woody oil tree species in China. With the rapid development of my country's economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, urban and rural residents have more and more demands for walnuts, and production is far from meeting their needs. Walnuts can be divided into three types according to their economic properties. One is the iron walnut type, which has a shell thickness of 1.5-2.5 mm, deep and dense carvings, well-developed inner folds, ossified septum, small kernels, and only 25-30% of the kernels. It is difficult to obtain kernels. The oil yield is 17.9-21.5%, and the economic value is not high. The second type is cotton walnut type, the shell thickness of this type is 1.2-1.4...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, the survival rate is low when using the existing large walnut tree grafting technology in alpine mountainous areas, mainly because: 1) normal walnut spikes are collected during the dormant period of the tree body, sealed with wax after collection, and then grafted around the beginning of spring, However, the germination of trees in alpine mountainous areas is relatively late, and the grafting time needs to be delayed. When the storage time of wax-sealed spikes is greater than 30 days, the survival rate of grafting will be reduced; In mountainous areas, the temperature is low and the temperature difference is large, and callus formation is slow, which is not conducive to the survival of grafting; 3) Generally, large tree grafting uses drainage rods or drainage grooves to drain the "water accumulation" at the grafting interface, while large tree grafting in alpine mountainous areas needs to be considered. While draining water, take measures to keep warm and moisturize, so as to facilitate the survival of grafting