Comprehensive improvement method suitable for inland extreme arid area saline-alkali soil

Abstract

The invention discloses a comprehensive improvement method suitable for inland extreme arid area saline-alkali soil. The method is formed by integrating multiple technological innovations of levellingsoil and eliminating salt accumulation in surface soil, returning straw to field and improving a soil body structure so as to block a salinity ascending channel, additionally applying an organic fertilizer and optimizing fertilized soil to improve a crop saline-alkaline tolerance capacity, deep-plowing soil and adjusting grain compositions so as to retard salinity ascending, additionally applyingan improver and creating a low-salt rhizosphere micro-environment, covering by straw and preventing soil salt return, rationally irrigating for salt-leaching and desalting and the like. The technology can be applied for performing straw simplification on preceding crops and rapidly and directly returning to the field, relieving labor intensity of a farmer, adequately using straw nutrient resources for usage by crops in the next season, reducing an applying quantity of a chemical fertilizer, and reducing agricultural production cost. An isolating layer is formed in a soil body, so the ascending of underground water and salinity in the lower soil body is retarded, and the salt accumulation in the surface soil and the salt return are reduced. The method has multiple functions of improving the saline-alkali soil, improving production capacity of cultivated land, increasing production, saving cost and increasing income and the like, and is remarkable in economic, social and ecological environment benefits.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of farmland soil improvement and soil fertilization, in particular to a comprehensive improvement method suitable for saline-alkali land in extremely arid inland areas. Background technique [0002] Salinized soil is a general term for various salinized and alkalized soils. The total area of ​​saline soil in my country is about 519 million mu, of which the salinized area of ​​cultivated land is 114 million mu, and nearly 1 / 5 of the cultivated land is salinized. Among various saline-alkali lands, the primary salinization type, secondary salinization type and various alkalization types account for 52%, 40% and 8% of the total salinized soil area respectively. [0003] The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is located in the western border of the motherland. It is the largest saline-alkali soil area in China. The total area of ​​saline-alkali cultivated land is as high as 20 million mu, and nearly 1 / 3 of the cul...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] The above improvement methods have their own advantages and disadvantages: the physical improvement method requires the use of large-scale mechanical equipment, the soil is turned over a lot, and the engineering volume is large; the water conservancy improvement requires the construction of a large drainage and irrigation system, which requires a large investment and a long period; the chemical improvement method is only suitable for a small number of plots. Large-scale application is not only costly, but long-term application will also produce toxic and side effects; the effect of simple biological improvement methods is not obvious

Traditional saline-alkali land improvement methods have been difficult to meet the requirements of the rapid development of modern agriculture. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new comprehensive saline-alkali land improvement methods. According to the characteristics of extremely arid saline-alkali soil areas in inland Xinjiang and the current social and economic conditions, the improvement of saline-alkali land is simple, efficient and feasible. Ongoing goals to adapt to the new situation of modern agricultural development

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