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Method for efficiently preventing and controlling diseases and pests of greenhouse watermelons

A technology for facility watermelon, diseases and insect pests, applied in the fields of botanical equipment and methods, horticulture, fruit tree cultivation, etc., can solve the problems of restricting the development of watermelon industry, unfavorable large-scale production, poor quality, etc. The growth of grass, the effect of breaking the continuous cropping barrier

Inactive Publication Date: 2018-12-07
NANJING INST OF VEGETABLE SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, there is no efficient method for preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests of watermelon. Traditional methods of preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests limit the development of the watermelon industry. The yield is low and the quality is poor, which is not conducive to large-scale production.

Method used

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  • Method for efficiently preventing and controlling diseases and pests of greenhouse watermelons
  • Method for efficiently preventing and controlling diseases and pests of greenhouse watermelons
  • Method for efficiently preventing and controlling diseases and pests of greenhouse watermelons

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0026] Embodiment 1 Facility Watermelon Efficient Prevention and Control Method of Diseases and Insects

[0027] 1) Seed selection and seedling raising: Select a watermelon variety with strong resistance (Zaojia 8424), fill the seed soaking container with warm water at 55-60°C that is 3 times the volume of the seeds, pour the seeds into the container and stir continuously, so that The water temperature drops to about 30°C, and soak in water at this temperature for 3 to 4 hours. After soaking the seeds, take out the seeds, dry off the surface moisture, wrap them in a clean damp cloth, and germinate in 2-3 days at 30°C-33°C. Prepare seedling trays and substrates, spray the prepared substrates with appropriate amount of water and put them on the trays, press the holes to a depth of about 1cm, sow a germinated seed in the middle of each hole, cover the vermiculite to be flush with the holes, then pour water thoroughly and cover with a layer Moisturizing film.

[0028] 2) Seedbed...

Embodiment 2

[0044] [Example 2] Effects of facility watermelon efficient pest control methods on watermelon yield

[0045] 1. Materials and methods

[0046] 1.1 Test materials: Two facilities soils for continuous cropping watermelons were selected. The soil type is yellow hillock soil, containing 9.45g / kg organic matter, 0.67g / kg total nitrogen, 55.85mg / kg available phosphorus, and 133.65mg / kg available potassium. The soil pH is 5.6. The tested watermelon variety: Zaojia 8424, bred by Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Lime nitrogen was purchased from Ningxia Darong Industrial Group Co., Ltd.; organic fertilizer was purchased from Nantong Huinong Biological Organic Fertilizer Co., Ltd., with total nutrients ≥ 5% and organic matter ≥ 45%.

[0047] 1.2 Experimental design: a greenhouse adopts traditional pest control methods (comparative example 1), No. 1. Traditional watermelon pest control methods: Once the main disease Fusarium wilt occurs, there is no effective way to control ...

Embodiment 3

[0053] [Example 3] Effects of facility watermelon efficient pest control methods on watermelon quality

[0054] 1. Materials and methods

[0055] 1.1 Test material: select two facility soils for continuous cropping of watermelons, same as in Example 2.

[0056] 1.2 Experimental Design: Same as Example 2.

[0057] 1.3 Determination method: The content of vitamin C is determined by 2,6-dichloroindophenol colorimetric method, the center sugar and edge sugar are determined by sugar meter, and the soluble protein is determined by Coomassie brilliant blue method.

[0058] 2. Results and Analysis

[0059] Table 2 Effects of efficient pest control methods on watermelon quality

[0060]

[0061] It can be seen from Table 2 that watermelons are planted with high-efficiency pest control methods, since almost no pesticides are used, and natural enemy insects are used to control pests, which can effectively inhibit the development of aphids at the early stage of occurrence, so that w...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for efficiently preventing and controlling diseases and pests of greenhouse watermelons. The method comprises the following steps of seed selection and seedling raising, seedbed management, preparation before greenhouse closing, greenhouse closing with lime nitrogen at high temperature, field planting, field management, disease and pest prevention and control and harvesting, wherein in the step of disease and pest prevention and control, the harm of soil-borne diseases to watermelons can be effectively prevented through soil sterilization, melons are prone to aphid harm, and natural enemy insects harmonia axyridis are utilized to control aphids; in the step of harvesting, timely harvesting is performed according to the natural maturity of watermelons. According to the method, organic fertilizers and the lime nitrogen are utilized to cooperate with high-temperature greenhouse closing, the natural enemy insects are utilized to replace pesticides and killaphids and other pests, soil sterilization is performed while organic fertilizers are fully composted, pollution-free pest control can be achieved, and the watermelon yield and quality can be also safely and efficiently improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of pest prevention and control of facility crops, and in particular relates to a method for efficient prevention and control of facility watermelon pests. Background technique [0002] As one of the most important fruits in the world, watermelon has the advantages of good taste, rich nutrition, short cultivation cycle, relatively high input-output ratio, and significant income-increasing effect. One of the effective ways for the majority of farmers with economic resources to quickly realize income increase. At present, with the development of agriculture and the adjustment and optimization of the planting structure, the planting area of ​​watermelons in facilities is continuously expanding, but the unreasonable use of pesticides and fertilizers, the increase of the multiple cropping index, and the single pursuit of yield have destroyed the physical and chemical properties of the soil and the balance of micro...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): A01G13/00A01G22/05
CPCA01G13/00A01G22/05
Inventor 吴旭东黄忠阳戎茸王东升李伟明马明刘庆叶陈莉莉徐明喜王蓓张利波
Owner NANJING INST OF VEGETABLE SCI
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