A kind of silica airgel composite material, its preparation method and application

A composite material and silica technology, applied in the field of silica aerogel composite materials, can solve the problems of loss of moisture-proof performance, loss of reliability in use, easy to absorb moisture, etc., and achieve good temperature resistance and hydrophobicity, stable performance, good performance The effect of moisture resistance

Active Publication Date: 2021-05-28
AEROSPACE INST OF ADVANCED MATERIALS & PROCESSING TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The silica airgel material that loses its moisture-proof performance will become extremely hygroscopic (the moisture absorption rate is even greater than 30% in the relevant constant temperature and humidity test), thus losing the reliability of use as a high-performance reusable thermal insulation material

Method used

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  • A kind of silica airgel composite material, its preparation method and application
  • A kind of silica airgel composite material, its preparation method and application

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preparation example Construction

[0030] Specifically, the present invention provides a method for preparing a 600°C-resistant reusable moisture-proof silica airgel composite material, the method comprising the following steps:

[0031] Construction of fluorine-containing hydrophobic layer:

[0032] Use fluorine-containing silane coupling reagents and optional orthosilicates to carry out hydrolysis-polycondensation reactions for 6h-24h in alcohol solvents under acidic catalytic conditions, and build a temperature-resistant hydrophobic layer structure on the surface of the sol particles to form a temperature-resistant Hydrophobic layer structure.

[0033]In the presence of orthosilicates, the fluorine-containing silane coupling agent and orthosilicates can be blended with alcohols (such as ethanol, methanol) solvents under acidic catalytic conditions, and the mixing ratio can be as described above: 1:0~100 (such as 1:0, 1:0.5, 1:1, 1:5, 1:10, 1:20, 1:50 or 1:100), and stir at room temperature for 6h-24h ( For...

Embodiment 1

[0052] Dissolve tridecafluorooctyltrimethoxysilane, methyl orthosilicate, formic acid, and deionized water in a molar ratio of 10:50:4.8:240 in a 600 molar equivalent ethanol solution, and stir at room temperature for 12 hours. Set the density to 0.1g / cm 3 Put the prefabricated body of quartz fiber felt into the mold, and use the vacuum pressure molding method to compound the above-mentioned silica sol with the prefabricated body under the condition of alkali catalysis (controlling the pH value between 8 and 9), and then aging at room temperature 36h, 90°C high-temperature aging for 36h, acetone solvent replacement for 3 times after aging, supercritical carbon dioxide drying, and then placed in a muffle furnace at 500°C for 0.5h. Put the treated material at room temperature and place it in a closed container, add a catalytic amount of formic acid solution and 5% by mass of pentafluorophenyltrimethoxysilane accounting for the total amount of the material, and perform hydrophobi...

Embodiment 2

[0054] Dissolve heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, methyl orthosilicate, oxalic acid, and deionized water in a molar ratio of 10:50:4.8:240 in a 500 molar equivalent ethanol solution, and stir at room temperature for 10 h. Set the density to 0.1g / cm 3 Put the prefabricated body of quartz fiber felt into the mold, and use the vacuum pressure molding method to compound the above-mentioned silica sol with the prefabricated body under the condition of alkali catalysis (controlling the pH value between 8 and 9), and then aging at room temperature 36h, 90°C high temperature aging for 36h, acetone solvent replacement 3 times after aging, supercritical carbon dioxide drying, and then placed in a muffle furnace at 500°C for 1h. Place the treated material in a closed container after placing it at room temperature, add a catalytic amount of formic acid solution and pentafluorophenyltrimethoxysilane accounting for 5% by mass of the total material, and carry out hydrophobic treatment af...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a silica airgel composite material, comprising the following steps: (1) using a fluorine-containing silane coupling reagent to carry out hydrolysis-polycondensation reaction under acidic catalytic conditions, and constructing a temperature-resistant hydrophobic compound on the surface of sol particles layer structure; (2) the obtained silica sol is impregnated with fiber reinforcement under catalytic conditions, and undergoes sol-gel, aging, solvent replacement, and drying to obtain a hydrophobic fiber-reinforced airgel composite material; (3) Remove unstable residual active groups and moisture on the surface at high temperature to achieve surface activation; (4) further hydrophobizing treatment with fluorine-containing silane hydrophobizing agent; (5) fiber-reinforced airgel composites after hydrophobizing treatment to dry. The airgel composite material prepared by the invention can be used repeatedly at high and low temperatures, has excellent heat insulation effect and has moisture-proof performance.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of heat protection, and more specifically relates to a 600°C-resistant, reusable and moisture-proof silica airgel composite material, its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] Airgel is a lightweight material with a unique nanometer three-dimensional porous network structure. It is the solid substance with the lowest thermal conductivity known so far, and is known as a super thermal insulation material. With the development of aerospace technology and the gradual increase in flight speed of aircraft, more stringent requirements have been put forward for the thermal protection system in terms of thermal insulation performance, space thickness, and overall quality, so that silica airgel materials can be used in light The field of high-quality and high-temperature insulation materials has shown huge advantages and demands. [0003] However, due to the characteristics of high porosit...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C04B30/02
CPCC04B30/02C04B2201/20C04B2201/32C04B14/4631C04B14/064
Inventor 黄红岩孔德隆刘圆圆高翠雪郭慧赵英民李文静
Owner AEROSPACE INST OF ADVANCED MATERIALS & PROCESSING TECH
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