Method and apparatus for preparing low-carbon olefins through cracking of crude oil

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of preparation of low-carbon olefins, and discloses a method and an apparatus for preparing low-carbon olefins through cracking of crude oil. The method comprises: 1) feeding crude oil into the first pipe group of a convection section, pre-heating, and carrying out gas-liquid separation on the pre-heated crude oil by a first cyclone separator to form a first steam phase and a first liquid phase; 2) carrying out hydrogenation processing on the first liquid phase, and mixing with a liquid-state hydrocarbon to obtain a mixture; 3) feeding the mixture into the first pipe group of the convection section of the cracking furnace, pre-heating, and carrying out gas-liquid separation on the pre-heated mixture by a second cyclone separator to form a second steam phase and a second liquid phase; 4) feeding the first steam phase and the second steam phase into the second pipe group of the convection section of the cracking furnace, heating to achieve a crossover temperature, directly feeding into a radiation section, and cracking to form cracking gas containing low-carbon olefins; and 5) making the second liquid phase contact the superheated steam of the convection section, and carrying out steam stripping. With the method of the present invention, the crude oil cracking efficiency can be effectively improved, and the yield of the olefin product can be increased.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of preparation of low-carbon olefins, and more specifically, to a method and device for preparing low-carbon olefins by cracking crude oil. Background technique [0002] Low-carbon olefins usually refer to the general term of unsaturated hydrocarbons with carbon four or less, mainly including ethylene, propylene, isobutylene, butadiene and other organic chemical raw materials with high economic value, and with the development of my country's economy, these The demand for organic chemical raw materials is increasing year by year. Although the production scale of low-carbon olefins is also increasing year by year, it cannot meet the growing demand. Therefore, the technology to effectively increase the yield of low-carbon olefins has broad application prospects. [0003] For a long time, my country has been preparing low-carbon olefin products from naphtha. However, in recent years, with the massive exploitation of asso...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Through the combination of hydroprocessing, mixing with light raw materials, and gas-liquid separation with cyclone separators, it overcomes the problem of coking and even blockage in the irradiance and quenching parts of the cracking furnace when crude oil is directly steam cracked. Defects, can effectively improve the efficiency of crude oil cracking and increase the yield of olefin products