Grain boundary toughening high-hardness iron-based wear-resistant material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a grain boundary toughening high-hardness iron-based wear-resistant material and relates to the technical field of metal materials. The grain boundary toughening high-hardnessiron-based wear-resistant material belongs to an Fe-C-M-j alloy material and comprises Fe, C, a carbide forming element M and a carbon activity regulation and control element j, wherein the carbide forming element M comprises Cr, Mo, W, V, Ti and Nb; the carbon activity regulation and control element j comprises Ni, Co, Si, Cu, Al and B. The invention further discloses a preparation method of thegrain boundary toughening high-hardness iron-based wear-resistant material. The preparation method belongs to one of the laser cladding method, the plasma surfacing method, the arc surfacing method and the rapid solidification casting method. The segregation degree of as-cast structure intergranular carbide is greatly reduced by sufficiently adding the carbon activity regulation and control element. Accordingly, the high-hardness iron-based wear-resistant material mainly of which austenite toughening phases are mainly formed between dendrite crystals or at grain boundaries is obtained.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal materials, in particular to a grain boundary toughened high-hardness iron-based wear-resistant material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] High-hardness iron-based wear-resistant materials are the most important wear-resistant materials used in engineering applications. However, like other types of materials, the toughness of iron-based wear-resistant materials will decrease significantly with the increase of hardness, especially the difficulty in balancing strength and toughness. At present, high-hardness iron-based wear-resistant materials at home and abroad mainly include hypereutectoid, hypoeutectic, eutectic or hypereutectic Fe-C-M alloy series materials, in which M is a strong carbide-forming element such as Cr, Mo, V, etc. Most It is prepared by laser cladding, plasma surfacing, arc surfacing or centrifugal casting. The as-cast microstructure of these materials i...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Due to the poor toughness of intragranular high-carbon martensite and greater brittleness of grain boundary carbides, the fracture toughness of high-hardness iron-based wear-resistant materials in the as-cast structure still cannot exceed or even far lower than the level of forgings of similar materials

[0003] In recent years, the strengthening and toughening methods of high-hardness iron-based wear-resistant materials mainly focus on refining grains, multi-phase structure, second-phase particles, grain boundary strengthening, etc., but these methods cannot effectively break through the high The intergranular or grain boundary brittleness of hardness iron-based materials limits the improvement of its strength and toughness, so the toughness of these high-hardness iron-based wear-resistant alloy materials has always been low

[0004] Document CN101381869A discloses a special alloy powder for laser cladding of high-hardness and non-cracking iron-based alloys. Although the cladding layer has a certain degree of plasticity and toughness, due to the low carbon content, the coating is difficult to generate a large volume fraction of particle-reinforced phases. High hardness

Document CN101298119A discloses a kind of laser cladding alloy welding powder, its essence is similar to 1Cr13 or 2Cr13 stainless steel welding materials, its coating carbon content is low and cannot generate a large amount of particle reinforcement phase, so it is difficult to obtain excellent coating wear resistance

Document CN109023355A discloses a multi-scale particle-reinforced plasma surfacing iron-based hypereutectic wear-resistant coating and its preparation method. The plasma surfacing iron-based hypereutectic wear-resistant coating is mixed and added in iron-based self-fluxing alloy powder Cr 3 C 2 , Ti and Y 2 o 3 Powder, the volume fraction of these particle-reinforced phases is high to greatly increase the hardness of the coating, but the grain boundary phase of this coating is mainly eutectic carbide, and it is difficult to obtain high toughness

Document CN108374115A discloses an iron-based composite wear-resistant steel based on (V, Ti)C particle reinforcement and its manufacturing method. The carbon content is as high as 2.0-3.0%. Severe carbide segregation at the place causes poor toughness of the material

Document CN104674213A discloses a VC-TiC-VB reinforced iron-based composite coating and its preparation method, a large number of VC, TiC, VB hard phases strengthen the coating matrix, but there is also the same problem, that is, these hard phases Higher number of intergranular or grain boundaries reduces coating toughness