Device and method for preparing carbon black by plasma countercurrent cracking of gaseous hydrocarbon

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for preparing carbon black by plasma countercurrent cracking of gaseous hydrocarbon. The carbon black is prepared by the device comprising a cathode, an insulator, an anode, a reactor body, a raw material inlet pipe and ancillary facilities. The plasma reaction system is provided with three gas inlets, namely a raw material gas inlet, a carrier gas inletand an auxiliary gas inlet, and all the paths of gas plays different roles in the reaction process, so that accurate control of the temperature, atmosphere and retention time required for cracking ofthe gaseous hydrocarbon raw materials can be facilitated, and the variety and quality of carbon black can be guaranteed. The torch route arrangement of a plasma generator arranged on the plasma reaction system is arranged opposite to a gaseous hydrocarbon raw material injection route, a countercurrent trend is presented, gaseous hydrocarbon can be rapidly mixed with a high-temperature torch, andcracking is carried out to prepare carbon materials such as carbon black and carbon nanotubes.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of carbon black preparation, in particular to a device and a method for preparing carbon black by plasma countercurrent cracking of gaseous hydrocarbons. Background technique [0002] Carbon black is produced by cracking and condensing hydrocarbons at high temperatures, and is a carbonaceous substance with a highly condensed condensed aromatic hydrocarbon structure. In engineering, the production method of the gas furnace method used to crack gaseous hydrocarbons to prepare carbon black uses fuel to burn in the gas furnace burner to generate heat to crack gaseous hydrocarbons and generate carbon black. Due to the limited heat source provided by the combustion method, the temperature It is difficult to reach more than 3000k. In recent years, the plasma generator has been transplanted to the production of carbon black, and the heat generated by the plasma generator replaces the heat generated by fuel combusti...

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Problems solved by technology

In recent years, the plasma generator has been transplanted to the production of carbon black, and the heat generated by the plasma generator replaces the heat generated by fuel combustion to crack raw material hydrocarbons (gaseous hydrocarbons, liquid hydrocarbons or solid hydrocarbons) to continuously produce carbon black. However, the existing plasma reactors for preparing carbon black have defects such as short continuous operation time and low mixing efficiency of raw material gas and plasma arc.

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