Biochar-based filter bed device and method for treating acidic heavy metal wastewater

Abstract

The invention relates to a biochar-based filter bed device and a method for treating acidic heavy metal wastewater. The device comprises a biochar-based filter bed treatment tank (4), wherein the biological filter bed treatment tank (4) is configured to a barrel; a heavy metal reaction settling zone (7), a perforated acid-resistant organic plate (8) and a packing layer are arranged in the biological filter bed treatment tank (4); the heavy metal reaction settling zone (7) is arranged at the bottom of the biological filter bed treatment tank (4); the perforated acid-resistant organic plate (8)is arranged between the heavy metal reaction settling zone (7) and the packing layer; and the packing layer is sequentially provided with a gravel packing layer (9), a biochar packing layer (10) and an organic material packing layer (11) from bottom to top. The biochar-based filter bed device can neutralize the acidity of wastewater, has good removal effect on pollutants such as heavy metal ions and sulfate, is small in occupied area, low in construction and operation cost, simple and convenient to operate and manage and good in filter bed water permeability, can effectively reduce the toxic action of heavy metals on a filter bed system, and realizes recycling of heavy metals.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment; in particular, it relates to the technical field of a biological carbon-based filter bed device structure and method for treating acidic heavy metal wastewater. Background technique [0002] In the process of ore mining and smelting, the metal ions and sulfides contained in sulfide ore under the effects of weathering, rainwater and surface water soaking, and microbial catalytic oxidation, dissolve out to form acidic heavy metal wastewater. Acidic heavy metal wastewater has the characteristics of high concentration of heavy metal ions and sulfates, low pH value, high toxicity, not easy to biologically treat, easy to accumulate in organisms and enlarge with the food chain. If it is directly discharged into the surrounding environment without effective treatment, it will cause great harm to the surrounding ecosystem of the pollution source and human health. [0003] Biological filter bed is a com...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, there are still many problems in these methods, such as the heavy metal ions in the wastewater and the metal deposits accumulated after the system has been running for a period of time will have a toxic effect on the microorganisms in the filter bed, which will seriously affect the treatment effect of the system; It will inhibit the growth and reproduction of microorganisms in the system; most of the heavy metals after treatment remain in the biological filter bed to block the polluted filter bed, reduce the water permeability of the filter bed, and make heavy metals unable to be recovered, resulting in a certain waste of resources

Traditional filter bed fillers such as river sand and gravel have poor adsorption performance on pollutants, and cannot create a good microenvironment suitable for microbial growth, which makes the treatment efficiency of the filter bed system poor and requires a large area

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