Rare earth aluminum-titanium-boron grain refiner and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a rare earth aluminum-titanium-boron grain refiner and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps that raw materials are weighed, and the raw materials comprise aluminum ingots, potassium fluotitanate, potassium fluoborate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, cryolite, rare earth oxide or rare earth fluoride and calcium metal; after the raw materials are heated to melt the aluminum ingots, mixed salt of the potassium fluotitanate and the potassium fluoborate is added for reaction; stirring is performed until a melt completely reacts, thenslagging-off is performed after heat preservation, and the sodium chloride, the potassium chloride, the cryolite, the rare earth oxide or rare earth fluoride and the calcium metal are added to react;stirring is performed until the melt completely reacts, then refining is performed, slagging-off is performed after heat preservation, and the rare earth aluminum-titanium-boron grain refiner is obtained after casting, wherein the rare earth aluminum-titanium-boron grain refiner is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 1.0% to 10.0% of titanium, 0.5% to 5.0% of boron, 0.1% to 5.0% of rare earth and the balance of aluminum. According to the rare earth aluminum-titanium-boron grain refiner and the preparation method thereof, energy consumption in the preparation processof a rare earth aluminum-titanium-boron alloy can be reduced, the cost is reduced, meanwhile, the sizes, shapes and distribution of TiAl3 and TiB2 particles in the refiner are improved, and the grainrefiner with higher refinement performance is obtained.

Description

technical field

[0001] The invention belongs to the application technology of aluminum alloys, and in particular relates to a rare earth aluminum titanium boron grain refiner and a preparation method thereof. Background technique

[0002] Due to its light weight, excellent cost performance and good comprehensive performance, aluminum alloys have been widely used in the fields of machinery, automobiles, aviation and military industries. To obtain aluminum alloys with excellent comprehensive properties, grain refinement is one of the most important means. The yield strength of the material will increase as the grain size decreases. In addition, the fine equiaxed grain structure can improve the toughness of the material and ensure its good casting performance, surface finish, and excellent processing performance. Therefore, the fine and uniform equiaxed grain structure is the ideal as-cast structure.

[0003] The methods to obtain the ideal as-cast structure are divided into ...

Examples

preparation example Construction

[0027] The preparation method of the rare earth aluminum titanium boron grain refiner comprises the following steps:

[0028] Step 1: Weighing the raw materials, which include: aluminum ingots, potassium fluotitanate, potassium fluoborate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, cryolite, and rare earth oxides or rare earth fluorides and calcium metal;

[0029] Step 2: After the raw material is heated up to melt the aluminum ingot, the melt temperature is controlled at 750-850°C, and a mixed salt of potassium fluotitanate and potassium fluoborate is added for reaction;

[0030] Raw materials are heated and melted using induction furnaces, resistance furnaces, gas furnaces or electric arc furnaces. After the aluminum ingot is melted and reaches the temperature, the mixed salt of potassium fluoroborate and potassium fluorotitanate mixed in proportion and wrapped in aluminum foil is added in batches for reaction. Stirring time is 10-150min.

[0031] Step 3: Stir until the melt is ...

Embodiment 1

[0037] (1) Weigh aluminum ingots, potassium fluoroborate, potassium fluorotitanate, cryolite, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and lanthanum oxide as required;

[0038] (2) After the industrial pure aluminum is melted in the induction furnace, the mixed salt of potassium fluoroborate and potassium fluorotitanate mixed according to the regulations is added in batches several times for reaction, and the temperature of the melt is controlled at 800 °C after heating and melting;

[0039] (3) Stir until the melt reacts completely and remove the slag, the stirring time is 60min;

[0040] (4), adding the mixed salt of cryolite, sodium chloride, potassium chloride and lanthanum oxide mixed according to regulations several times in batches to the melt after slag removal, and the temperature is controlled at 1000° C.;

[0041] (5) Refining after stirring until the melt reaction is complete, the stirring time is 60min, and argon gas is used for refining, and the refining time is 10min;...

Embodiment 2

[0045] (1) Weigh aluminum ingots, potassium fluoroborate, potassium fluorotitanate, cryolite, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and cerium oxide as required;

[0046] (2) After the industrial pure aluminum is melted in the induction furnace, the mixed salt of potassium fluoroborate and potassium fluorotitanate mixed according to the regulations is added in batches several times for reaction, and the temperature of the melt is controlled at 800 °C after heating and melting;

[0047] (3) Stir until the melt reacts completely and remove the slag, the stirring time is 60min;

[0048] (4), adding the mixed salt of cryolite, sodium chloride, potassium chloride and lanthanum oxide mixed according to regulations several times in batches to the melt after slag removal, and the temperature is controlled at 1000° C.;

[0049] (5) Refining after stirring until the melt reaction is complete, the stirring time is 60min, and argon gas is used for refining, and the refining time is 10min; ...

technical field

[0001] The invention belongs to the application technology of aluminum alloys, and in particular relates to a rare earth aluminum titanium boron grain refiner and a preparation method thereof. Background technique

[0002] Due to its light weight, excellent cost performance and good comprehensive performance, aluminum alloys have been widely used in the fields of machinery, automobiles, aviation and military industries. To obtain aluminum alloys with excellent comprehensive properties, grain refinement is one of the most important means. The yield strength of the material will increase as the grain size decreases. In addition, the fine equiaxed grain structure can improve the toughness of the material and ensure its good casting performance, surface finish, and excellent processing performance. Therefore, the fine and uniform equiaxed grain structure is the ideal as-cast structure.

[0003] The methods to obtain the ideal as-cast structure are divided into ...

Examples

preparation example Construction

[0027] The preparation method of the rare earth aluminum titanium boron grain refiner comprises the following steps:

[0028] Step 1: Weighing the raw materials, which include: aluminum ingots, potassium fluotitanate, potassium fluoborate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, cryolite, and rare earth oxides or rare earth fluorides and calcium metal;

[0029] Step 2: After the raw material is heated up to melt the aluminum ingot, the melt temperature is controlled at 750-850°C, and a mixed salt of potassium fluotitanate and potassium fluoborate is added for reaction;

[0030] Raw materials are heated and melted using induction furnaces, resistance furnaces, gas furnaces or electric arc furnaces. After the aluminum ingot is melted and reaches the temperature, the mixed salt of potassium fluoroborate and potassium fluorotitanate mixed in proportion and wrapped in aluminum foil is added in batches for reaction. Stirring time is 10-150min.

[0031] Step 3: Stir until the melt is ...

Embodiment 1

[0037] (1) Weigh aluminum ingots, potassium fluoroborate, potassium fluorotitanate, cryolite, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and lanthanum oxide as required;

[0038] (2) After the industrial pure aluminum is melted in the induction furnace, the mixed salt of potassium fluoroborate and potassium fluorotitanate mixed according to the regulations is added in batches several times for reaction, and the temperature of the melt is controlled at 800 °C after heating and melting;

[0039] (3) Stir until the melt reacts completely and remove the slag, the stirring time is 60min;

[0040] (4), adding the mixed salt of cryolite, sodium chloride, potassium chloride and lanthanum oxide mixed according to regulations several times in batches to the melt after slag removal, and the temperature is controlled at 1000° C.;

[0041] (5) Refining after stirring until the melt reaction is complete, the stirring time is 60min, and argon gas is used for refining, and the refining time is 10min;...

Embodiment 2

[0045] (1) Weigh aluminum ingots, potassium fluoroborate, potassium fluorotitanate, cryolite, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and cerium oxide as required;

[0046] (2) After the industrial pure aluminum is melted in the induction furnace, the mixed salt of potassium fluoroborate and potassium fluorotitanate mixed according to the regulations is added in batches several times for reaction, and the temperature of the melt is controlled at 800 °C after heating and melting;

[0047] (3) Stir until the melt reacts completely and remove the slag, the stirring time is 60min;

[0048] (4), adding the mixed salt of cryolite, sodium chloride, potassium chloride and lanthanum oxide mixed according to regulations several times in batches to the melt after slag removal, and the temperature is controlled at 1000° C.;

[0049] (5) Refining after stirring until the melt reaction is complete, the stirring time is 60min, and argon gas is used for refining, and the refining time is 10min; ...