Nanometer lignin carbon-zinc oxidecomposite material as well as preparation method and application thereof

A nano-lignin and composite material technology is applied to nano-lignin zinc oxide carbon composite material and its preparation, and the application field of lithium ion battery negative electrode material, which can solve the problem of low load, pulverization and capacity attenuation, and poor rate performance. and other problems, to achieve the effect of speeding up insertion and extraction, inhibiting volume expansion, and improving energy density

Active Publication Date: 2020-12-11
SOUTH CHINA UNIV OF TECH +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, there are two key problems that limit the application of ZnO in lithium battery negative electrodes: (1) During the charge and discharge process, the large volume change (about 228%) leads to easy agglomeration, pulverization and rapid capacity decay of the material; (2) The electronic conductivity of ZnO itself Low, poor rate performance
These patents and papers use sodium lignosulfonate as a structure-directing agent or surfactant, and react with zinc salt in aqueous solution to prepare nano-zinc oxide. However, these materials are not suitable for lithium battery negative electrodes, mainly because lignosulfonate The water solubility of sodium bicarbonate is too strong, the load after the reaction is very small, it is

Method used

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  • Nanometer lignin carbon-zinc oxidecomposite material as well as preparation method and application thereof
  • Nanometer lignin carbon-zinc oxidecomposite material as well as preparation method and application thereof
  • Nanometer lignin carbon-zinc oxidecomposite material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0079] Take 10g of purified alkali lignin powder and add it to 190ml of deionized water, add ammonia water while stirring to fully dissolve the lignin, adjust the pH to 12 and stir for 0.5h, then transfer the solution to a hydrothermal kettle, and Place the kettle in an air atmosphere at 180°C and heat it for 9 hours. After cooling down to room temperature, add 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid and adjust the pH to 4. Filter the filtrate to obtain an acid-soluble lignin solution.

[0080] Add 1g of zinc chloride and 1g of ammonium carbonate into 198ml of deionized water, ultrasonically disperse for 10min, and then use a peristaltic pump to slowly drop the solution into the acid-soluble lignin solution at a rate of 2mL / min, stirring while adding. Subsequently, the mixed solution was transferred to a hydrothermal kettle, and the hydrothermal kettle was placed in an air atmosphere at 120° C. for heating for 2 hours. After it was cooled to room temperature, it was taken out to obtain a l...

Embodiment 2

[0084]Take 10g of purified enzymatic lignin powder and add it to 90ml of deionized water, add ammonia water while stirring to fully dissolve the lignin, adjust the pH to 12 and stir for 2 hours, then transfer the solution to a hydrothermal kettle, heat the water Place the kettle in an air atmosphere at 200°C and heat it for 12 hours. After cooling down to room temperature, add 0.1 mol / L acetic acid and adjust the pH to 5. Filter the filtrate to obtain an acid-soluble lignin solution.

[0085] Add 10g of zinc acetate and 10g of ammonium bicarbonate into 380ml of deionized water, ultrasonically disperse for 30min, and then use a peristaltic pump to slowly drop the solution into the acid-soluble lignin solution at a rate of 10mL / min, stirring while adding. Subsequently, the mixed solution was transferred to a hydrothermal kettle, and the hydrothermal kettle was placed in an air atmosphere at 150° C. for heating for 3 hours, and was taken out after it was lowered to room temperatur...

Embodiment 3

[0089] Take 10 g of purified organic solvent lignin powder and add it to 157 ml of deionized water, add potassium hydroxide while stirring to fully dissolve the lignin, adjust the pH to 12 and stir for 1 hour, then transfer the solution to a hydrothermal kettle, and The hydrothermal kettle was placed in an air atmosphere at 160°C and heated for 6 hours. After cooling down to room temperature, 0.1 mol / L nitric acid was added to adjust the pH to 3, and the filtrate was filtered to obtain an acid-soluble lignin solution.

[0090] Add 2g of zinc nitrate and 2g of potassium carbonate into 396ml of deionized water, ultrasonically disperse for 15min, then use a peristaltic pump to slowly drop the solution into the acid-soluble lignin solution at a rate of 3mL / min, and stir while adding. Subsequently, the mixed solution was transferred to a hydrothermal kettle, and the hydrothermal kettle was placed in an air atmosphere at 110° C. for heating for 1.5 h, and was taken out after it was l...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a nanometer lignin carbon-zinc oxidecomposite material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: (1) dissolving ligninin an alkaline solution, carrying out hydrothermal pretreatment, conducting cooling, and adjusting a pH value to 3-5 to obtain an acid-soluble lignin solution; (2) adding a mixed solution of soluble zinc salt and soluble carbonate into the acid-soluble lignin solution, conducting a hydrothermal reaction, then adding aldehydes, and continuing the hydrothermal reaction to obtain a ploycondensed lignin/zinc oxide compound; and (3) carbonizing the polycondensed lignin/zinc oxide compound to obtain the nanometer lignin carbon-zinc oxidecomposite material. In the obtained nanometer lignin carbon-zinc oxidecomposite material, lignin carbon uniformly coats the surfaces of zinc oxide particles to form a uniform carbon layer with a continuous structure, so the problems of serious volume expansion and poor conductivity of zinc oxide serving as a lithium ion negative electrode material are solved, and the specific capacity, the initial coulombic efficiency and the rate capability of a lithium ionbattery are improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of negative electrode materials for lithium ion batteries, and in particular relates to a nanometer lignin carbon oxide zinc composite material, a preparation method thereof and an application in lithium ion battery negative electrode materials. Background technique [0002] Graphite, as a traditional lithium-ion battery (LIB) anode material, has a low theoretical specific capacity (372mAh g -1 ), the low ion diffusion coefficient caused by too narrow layer spacing, and the easy formation of lithium dendrites during high-rate charge and discharge, causing safety hazards and other issues. This forces us to develop a new lithium battery anode material with high energy density, high rate performance and high safety. [0003] In recent years, transition metal oxides have been extensively studied as anode materials for lithium batteries. Zinc oxide (ZnO) has a high theoretical lithium storage capacity (978mAh g...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/48H01M4/62H01M10/0525H01G11/24H01G11/30H01G11/36H01G11/44H01G11/46B01J23/06B01J37/02B01J37/10B82Y30/00B82Y40/00
CPCB01J23/06B01J35/0033B01J35/004B01J37/0215B01J37/10B82Y30/00B82Y40/00H01G11/24H01G11/30H01G11/36H01G11/44H01G11/46H01M4/362H01M4/483H01M4/62H01M4/625H01M4/628H01M10/0525Y02E60/10
Inventor 易聪华邱学青苏华坚杨东杰钱勇林绪亮刘伟峰
Owner SOUTH CHINA UNIV OF TECH
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