Seedling breeding method of almonds

Abstract

The invention provides a seedling breeding method of almonds. According to the method, wild peaches are taken as intermediate stocks, the wild peach intermediate stocks are grafted on wild peach stocks, and then required almond varieties are grafted on the wild peach intermediate stocks. The method comprises the following specific steps of (1) rootstock cultivation, namely selecting seedling peachseedlings as grafting stocks; (2) grafting of the wild peach intermediate stocks, namely grafting the wild peach intermediate stocks at a position 10-15cm away from the base part of a wild peach stock by using a T-shaped budding or budding method with xylem; (3) grafting of the almond variety, namely grafting the required almond variety at a position 40-50cm above the wild peach intermediate stocks by using a budding method with xylem or a double-tongue grafting method; and cultivating seedlings according to a conventional seedling culture method after grafting survival. According to the seedling breeding method, the root rot and gummosis of almond trees can be effectively prevented and treated, and the dead tree phenomenon caused by trunk gummosis of the almond trees is avoided; and thetree vigor is enhanced, and the yield and the kernel yield are improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the fields of almond seedling cultivation and planting, in particular to a method for almond seedling breeding. Background technique [0002] Root rot, also called root rot, is more common in peach-producing areas, and almond root rot is more serious. The disease is serious in spring and summer every year. The root rot bacteria spread through rainwater and soil, and first invade from the fibrous roots. In the early stage of the disease, brown circular spots appear on the fibrous roots. The main root and lateral root begin to rot. Part of the new shoots of the diseased plant wilt and droop, and then the leaves lose water or scorch, the phloem turns brown, the xylem is necrotic, turns yellow or rots. After 3 to 5 days, some or all of the severely diseased trees are withered, and the leaves fall off early. In severe cases, the tree body will die. Most of the existing control methods are digging deep pits, adding organic fertiliz...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

These methods are not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also increase the cost, and the control effect is not good, and the occurrence of root rot cannot be prevented from the source.

[0003] Almonds, also known as almonds, rank first among the six largest dried fruits in the world. They are excellent dried fruit tree species, woody oil tree species, and green and water conservation tree species. The edible part of almonds is seeds, which are fruits with high nutritional value, especially American almonds. The variety has good yield, large fruit, thin shell, and good quality; however, the almond varieties grafted with common peaches and honey peaches as rootstocks (especially American almonds) have poor affinity and poor stress resistance after planting. Gum flow, glassy colloids flow out from bark holes or wounds, resulting in nutrient loss, tree weakness, small, yellow leaves, small almonds, small kernels, and low kernel yield; conventional control techniques and drug control , are difficult to achieve the control effect. After a large number of results, the bark and xylem of the glue point in the grafting part are separated and necrotic, which affects the growth and development of the tree. When it is serious, the plant dies and shortens the life of the tree; There are 600 mu of almonds and 30,000 plants planted in the town. The basic rootstock is peach, on which the almonds are directly grafted. The varieties are the imported American almonds Naprill, Prius, and Moser. After planting, the three-year-old tree has a trunk flow 10% of diseased plants, 70% of 4-year-old trees, 100% of 5-year-old trees, 10% of 6-year-old trees due to gummosis, especially on April 16, 2009 due to strong freezing damage (minus 7 degrees Celsius), After the snow and frost damage on November 13, 2009, the branches and trunks were heavy and the wounds were difficult to heal. Since 2010, the tree body has weakened and died year by year. By 2014, only 20 of the 30,000 almond plants were planted. lost economic value

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