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Simple and efficient oilseed rape planting method based on no-tillage aerial seeding and full straw returning

A planting method and rapeseed technology, applied in the field of agricultural production, can solve the problems of large amount of straw, poor sowing precision, etc., and achieve the effects of light, simple and high-efficiency mode, reduced labor production cost, and good economic benefits.

Pending Publication Date: 2021-01-26
HUAZHONG AGRI UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency rapeseed planting mode that uses drones to realize sowing and return the full amount of straw from the previous season to the field. It fully considers the problems of tight stubble, large amount of straw, and poor sowing accuracy in the current direct seeding rape production. , focusing on breaking through the production technical problems of drone sowing and full rice straw returning to the field, and at the same time assembling and integrating other supporting light and simplified technologies such as ditching, fertilization, and plant protection, and building a new light, simple and efficient planting mode of live rapeseed

Method used

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  • Simple and efficient oilseed rape planting method based on no-tillage aerial seeding and full straw returning
  • Simple and efficient oilseed rape planting method based on no-tillage aerial seeding and full straw returning
  • Simple and efficient oilseed rape planting method based on no-tillage aerial seeding and full straw returning

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0017]Example 1 Comparison of the effect of rape aerial seeding time

[0018]From 2018 to 2019, a comparison experiment of the time of rape seeding was carried out at Wanzhang Lake Farm in Wuxue City, Hubei Province. The field experiment has 3 treatments, namely (1) T1, sowing one week before the rice harvest, (2) T2, sowing 3 days before the rice harvest, and (3) T3, sowing 3 days after the rice harvest.

[0019]Considering the operability of the field, the experiment adopts a large area non-repetitive test design, and the area of ​​the large area is 200m2, Using sequential arrangement. According to the design of each treatment, rapeseed seeds were artificially sowed 7 days, 3 days before the rice harvest and 3 days after the rice harvest, respectively, using the method of simulated drone sowing. The sowing amount of each treatment was the same, which was 0.6 kg / mu. Except for the difference in sowing time, the field management of each treatment is the same. When the rice is harvested me...

Embodiment 2

[0023]Example 2 Comparison of rice straw returning methods

[0024]From 2018 to 2019, a field experiment was carried out on the effect of returning rice straw to the field on the emergence of direct seeding rape at Wanzhang Lake Farm in Wuxue City, Hubei Province. In the field experiment, three treatments were set up, namely (1) the treatment of not returning the rice straw to the field, the rice is harvested on the ground, and all the straw is removed and then planted; (2) the whole amount of straw is returned to the field treatment: the rice is harvested on the ground, After all the rice straws are pressed, the rapeseed is sowed and fertilized; (3) Straw mulching and returning to the field treatment: When the rice is harvested, a pile of 40cm is left, and the residual straw in the field is removed from the field. Lightly compact. Each treatment is repeated 3 times, completely random block arrangement, the block area is 20m2.

[0025]The method of artificial sowing is adopted, and the so...

Embodiment 3

[0028]Example 3 Comparison of spraying effect between improved rape leaf fertilizer and traditional leaf area

[0029]In 2017-2018, a comparative experiment was carried out in Guotan Village, Meichuan Town, Wuxue City, Hubei Province to improve the spray effect of rapeseed foliar fertilizer and traditional foliar fertilizer. There were 3 treatments in the field test, namely (1) control treatment, sprayed with clear water during flowering; (2) traditional foliar fertilizer treatment, sprayed with potassium dihydrogen phosphate and borax at the initial flowering stage, the concentrations of the two were 0.5% and 0.3 respectively. %; (3) Improve the treatment of foliar fertilizer. The main components of foliar fertilizer are potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate and boric acid, and the nutrient concentrations are 0.2%, 0.5%, 0.3% and 0.1% respectively. When applied at the initial flowering stage, each treatment was sprayed with a manual sprayer according to th...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a simple and efficient oilseed rape planting method based on no-tillage aerial seeding and full straw returning. The simple and efficient oilseed rape planting method comprisesthe following steps of (1) conducting aerial seeding of oilseed rape seeds by an unmanned aerial vehicle 1-3 days before rice harvesting; (2) mechanically harvesting the rice, leaving 30-50cm of ricestumps, smashing rice straw to 5-10 cm, and spreading the crushed rice straw on the field surface; (3) conducting fertilization, specifically, spreading special fertilizer for the oilseed rape 1-10 days after aerial seeding; (4) after base fertilizer is applied, carrying out ditching operation by utilizing a machine, and separately throwing ditch soil to compartment surfaces; and (5) spraying foliar fertilizer by using the unmanned aerial vehicle in an oilseed rape bolting phase or initial flowering phase, wherein the foliar fertilizer consists of monopotassium phosphate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate and boric acid. According to the simple and efficient oilseed rape planting method, by combining multiple simplified technologies such as aerial seeding, tillage avoiding, straw returning, leaf fertilizer special for the oilseed rape and mechanization, under the condition that it is guaranteed that the yield of the oilseed rape is not reduced, the labor production cost is effectively reduced, the operation efficiency is improved, and the simple and efficient oilseed rape planting method is suitable for large-area operation and application.

Description

Technical field[0001]The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural production, and specifically relates to a light, simple and high-efficiency planting method for rapeseed that uses drones to realize sowing and full return of crop straws of previous seasons to the field.Background technique[0002]Rape is the most important oil crop in China, and it plays a key role in ensuring the safety of my country's edible oil supply. At the same time, rape has an important ecological function as a winter rotation crop in southern my country, among which the rice- rape rotation has the largest area. Due to the shortage of rural labor force and low comparative efficiency, the rapeseed area in my country has stagnated for a long time. In recent years, with the application of light and simplified technology, equipment and products, direct seeding rape has become an important method of rapeseed cultivation in the Yangtze River basin in my country. The planting area of ​​direct seeding ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): A01G22/15A01C21/00A01B79/02C05G3/00C05G5/20
CPCA01G22/15A01C21/00A01B79/02C05G3/00C05G5/20C05B7/00C05C5/04C05D5/00C05D9/02Y02P60/20
Inventor 鲁剑巍任涛鲁明星程应德陈爱武李小坤廖世鹏张洋洋丛日环陆志峰周玮峰程泰
Owner HUAZHONG AGRI UNIV
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