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Silicon-carbon composite material, preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery

A technology of silicon-carbon composite materials and silicon materials, applied in battery electrodes, secondary batteries, silicon, etc., can solve problems such as poor bonding of silicon-carbon components at the interface

Active Publication Date: 2021-07-30
CHINA ACADEMY OF SPACE TECHNOLOGY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] The first object of the present invention is to provide a silicon-carbon composite material to solve the problems of poor interfacial bonding of silicon-carbon components in existing silicon-carbon materials.

Method used

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  • Silicon-carbon composite material, preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery
  • Silicon-carbon composite material, preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery
  • Silicon-carbon composite material, preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0064] In this embodiment, the silicon material is selected from nano-silicon (Si) particles (with a particle size of 20-60 nm), and the carbon material is selected from carboxylated carbon fibers (CNFs-COOH).

[0065] The preparation method of the silicon-carbon composite material described in this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:

[0066] (1) Substrate pretreatment: place the copper foil in a 1% sodium polystyrene sulfonate solution for 30 minutes, dry it and wash it with water.

[0067] (2) Pretreatment of nano-silicon particles: disperse 0.5g nano-Si particles in piranha solution (3:1, V / V H 2 SO 4 :H 2 o 2 ), magnetically stirred in a water bath at 80°C for 1h, then filtered and washed with deionized water until neutral, and then dried in a vacuum oven at 60°C for 12h to obtain hydroxylated nano-Si particles, denoted as Si-OH.

[0068] Disperse 0.5g of Si-OH into 100ml of absolute ethanol and sonicate for 0.5h, then add 0.5ml of aminopropyltriethoxy...

Embodiment 2

[0078] In this embodiment, the silicon material is selected from nano-silicon (Si) particles (with a particle size of 20-60 nm), and the carbon material is selected from carboxylated carbon nanotubes (CNT-COOH).

[0079] The preparation method of the silicon-carbon composite material described in this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:

[0080] (1) Substrate pretreatment: same as step (1) of Embodiment 1.

[0081] (2) Pretreatment of nano-silicon particles: same as step (2) of Example 1.

[0082] (3) Preparation of silicon-carbon composite powder:

[0083] Si-NH 2 Mixed with carboxylated carbon nanotubes and Si-OH and carboxylated carbon nanotubes at a mass ratio of 7:3 and 3:7 in absolute ethanol, wet milled at a ball milling speed of 500 rpm for 5 h, and dried in vacuum at 60 °C After drying in the oven for 12 hours, two kinds of silicon-carbon composite powders were obtained, which were respectively denoted as (Si7-C3) powder and (Si3-C7) powder.

[0...

Embodiment 3

[0091] In this embodiment, the silicon material is selected from nano-silicon (Si) particles (with a particle size of 20-60 nm), and the carbon material is selected from carboxylated carbon nanotubes (CNT-COOH).

[0092] The preparation method of the silicon-carbon composite material described in this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:

[0093] (1) Substrate pretreatment: same as step (1) of Embodiment 1.

[0094] (2) Pretreatment of nano-silicon particles: same as step (2) of Example 1.

[0095] (3) Preparation of silicon-carbon composite powder:

[0096] Si-NH 2 Mixed with carboxylated carbon nanotubes and Si-OH and carboxylated carbon nanotubes at a mass ratio of 7:3 and 5:5 in absolute ethanol, wet milled at a ball milling speed of 500 rpm for 5 h, and dried in vacuum at 60 °C After drying in the box for 12 hours, two kinds of silicon-carbon composite powders were obtained, which were respectively denoted as (Si7-C3) powder and (Si5-C5) powder.

[00...

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage materials, in particular to a silicon-carbon composite material, a preparation method thereof and a lithium ion battery. The silicon-carbon composite material comprises at least one positively charged silicon-carbon layer and at least one negatively charged silicon-carbon layer which are alternately stacked in a layer-by-layer self-assembly mode. The silicon-carbon composite material is of a multi-layer nanostructure of which the composition and the thickness can be accurately regulated and controlled, silicon and a carbon material in a film are tightly combined and uniformly distributed, and a self-assembled carbon coating layer is a conductive frame which is constructed by a silicon material and is communicated with each other. According to the material, under the condition that high specific capacity of a silicon material and excellent conductivity and mechanical performance of a carbon material are taken into consideration, huge volume change of silicon in the charging and discharging process of the lithium ion battery is effectively relieved, so that the cycling stability of the lithium ion battery is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage materials, in particular to a silicon-carbon composite material, a preparation method thereof, and a lithium ion battery. Background technique [0002] As a new type of high-safety green energy storage device, lithium-ion batteries have become the preferred power source for various portable electronic devices, mobile communication devices and electric vehicles. In order to meet the requirements for high energy density and long cycle life of lithium-ion batteries, silicon-carbon composite materials have a theoretical capacity of up to 4200mAh g -1 Silicon and carbon materials with excellent electrical conductivity provide the best candidates for replacing traditional graphite materials. However, the bonding force between silicon and carbon in most current silicon-carbon composite materials is poor, and it is difficult to suppress the huge volume effect produced by silicon in the process of ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/62H01M10/0525C01B33/02
CPCH01M4/366H01M4/386H01M4/625H01M4/628H01M10/0525C01B33/02H01M2004/021H01M2004/027Y02E60/10
Inventor 张辉董珂琪雷灿
Owner CHINA ACADEMY OF SPACE TECHNOLOGY
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