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4, 5'-dinitramino-5-amino-3, 3'-bis-1, 2, 4-triazole energetic ionic salt and synthesis method thereof

The technology of a dinitroamine group and a synthesis method, which is applied in the field of gas generating agents, can solve problems such as unfavorable environment treatment, hidden safety hazards, restricted use, etc., and achieves the effect of good gas production effect and no residue remaining.

Pending Publication Date: 2022-02-22
NANJING UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
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Problems solved by technology

However, from the perspective of safety and environmental protection, NaN 3 It is highly toxic (LD50 * =27mg kg -1 ), there are great potential safety hazards in the process of storage, transshipment and use, and at the same time, a large amount of residue is generated after its combustion, which is not conducive to environmental governance, which greatly limits its use

Method used

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  • 4, 5'-dinitramino-5-amino-3, 3'-bis-1, 2, 4-triazole energetic ionic salt and synthesis method thereof
  • 4, 5'-dinitramino-5-amino-3, 3'-bis-1, 2, 4-triazole energetic ionic salt and synthesis method thereof
  • 4, 5'-dinitramino-5-amino-3, 3'-bis-1, 2, 4-triazole energetic ionic salt and synthesis method thereof

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Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0045] Embodiment 1: ring closing reaction

[0046]

[0047] Add 12.8 g of 2-amino-5-carboxy-1,2,4-triazole (100 mmol) and 15 g of 1,3- Diaminoguanidine hydrochloride (120 mmol), heated up to 120° C., reacted for 4 hours, and the reaction liquid was clear. Quench the reaction solution with 200mL of ice water, adjust the pH of the reaction solution to 7~8 with concentrated sodium hydroxide solution, a large amount of solids precipitate out of the reaction system, and filter to obtain 4,5,5'-triamino-3,3 '-1,2,4-triazole, the yield was 3 g (yield: 16.5%).

[0048] 1 H NMR (d 6 -DMSO, 25°C): δ=12.4, 6.15, 5.80, 5.71ppm. 13 C NMR(d 6 -DMSO, 25°C): δ=157.48, 154.25, 148.84, 142.12ppm. IR (KBr): v=3735,3416,3159,2624,1627,1557,1473,1368,1309,1257,1126,1051,983,889,752,712 cm -1 .

Embodiment 2

[0049] Embodiment 2: Nitrification reaction

[0050]

[0051] 1.5 g of 4,5,5'-triamino-3,3'-1,2,4-triazole (8.28 mmol) was slowly added to 10 mL of 100% nitric acid solution, and reacted at -15°C for 20 hours. 100mL of ice water quenched the reaction solution, and a large amount of solids were precipitated. After filtration, 4,5'-dinitroamino-5-amino-3,3'-linked-1,2,4-triazole was obtained. The yield was 1 g (yield: 70%).

[0052] 1 H NMR (d 6 -DMSO, 25°C): δ=8.45, 5.12ppm. 13 C NMR(d 6 -DMSO, 25°C): δ=152.73, 149.96, 140.56, 139.36ppm.IR (KBr): v=3589,3392,3231,3144,2707,1694,1644,1584,1500,1406,1336,1265,1221 ,1093,996,958,878,840,776,731cm -1 .

Embodiment 3

[0053] Embodiment 3: Salt-forming reaction

[0054]

[0055] Add alkaline solution (ammonia water, hydrazine hydrate , hydroxylamine aqueous solution) until the reaction solution was clear, and the reaction system was neutral at this time, and reacted at 60° C. for 3 hours. Stand still and cool down to precipitate a precipitate, and filter to obtain the relevant energetic ion salt (1-3). 4,5'-Dinitroamino-5-amino-3,3'-bi-1,2,4-triazole ammonium salt (1):

[0056] 1 H NMR (d 6 -DMSO, 25°C): δ=7.41, 5.91ppm. 13 C NMR(d 6 -DMSO, 25℃): δ=157.16, 153.31, 149.23, 141.91ppm. IR (KBr): v=3044,1682,1621,1560,1524,1383,1222,1138,1083,1041,974,882,765,712,674,624cm -1 .

[0057] 4,5'-Dinitroamino-5-amino-3,3'-bi-1,2,4-triazole hydrazine salt (2):

[0058] 1 H NMR (d 6 -DMSO, 25°C): δ=8.05, 6.29ppm. 13 C NMR(d 6 -DMSO, 25°C): δ=157.36, 153.13, 148.62, 141.75ppm. IR (KBr): v=3149,2700,1500,1434,1343,1260,1121,1083,1008,970,866,787,762,730,669cm -1 .

[0059] 4,5'-Dinitroam...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a 4, 5'-dinitroamino-5-amino-3, 3'-bis-1, 2, 4-triazole energetic ionic salt and a synthesis method thereof. The specific synthesis process comprises: (1) a ring closing reaction, wherein 2-amino-5-carboxyl-1, 2, 4-triazole and 1, 3-diaminoguanidine hydrochloride are subjected to ring closing reaction to prepare 4, 5, 5'-triamino-3, 3'-1, 2, 4-triazole; (2) nitration reaction, wherein the 4, 5, 5'-triamino-3, 3'-1, 2, 4-triazole is subjected to a nitration reaction to obtain 4, 5'-dinitramino-5-amino-3, 3'-bis-1, 2, 4-triazole; and (3) salt-forming reaction, wherein an alkaline substance with high nitrogen content is selected, and salt-forming reaction is performed to obtain the related energetic ionic salt. According to the invention, the energetic ionic salt synthesized in the invention has positive enthalpy of formation and good detonation performance, and at the same time, the results of closed explosion experiments show that all the compounds have good deflation properties; and the synthesis process is simple and convenient, raw materials are easy to obtain, no by-product is generated in the preparation process, the product purity is high, and the yield is high.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of energetic materials, and relates to a gas generating agent, in particular to a 4,5'-dinitroamino-5-amino-3,3'-linked-1,2,4-triazole energetic material Ionic salts and methods for their synthesis. Background technique [0002] Gas generant refers to a class of compounds that release a large amount of gas after combustion. Gas generants with low combustion temperature and high outgassing volume have become the goals pursued by scientists. Usually, the gas generant formula is composed of combustible agent, oxidizer, coolant, burning rate modifier and binder, etc. Among them, the combustible agent and oxidant as the main components release a large amount of gas after the combustion reaction, while ensuring the full progress of the combustion reaction and reducing harmful gases (CO, NO x etc.), therefore, the properties of combustibles and oxidants play a crucial role in the application of gas generants. [0003] Si...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C06B25/34C06D5/06
CPCC06B25/34C06D5/06Y02P20/54
Inventor 杨红伟薛钰冰程广斌
Owner NANJING UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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