Preparation method of solar cell capable of effectively prolonging cruising ability

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a solar cell capable of effectively prolonging cruising ability, and belongs to the field of material preparation and solar cells. A femtosecond fiber laser is utilized to form a micro-nano optical structure on the nickel strap, the micro-nano optical structure is a pointed cone-shaped micro-nano optical structure, the pointed cone height is 8-13 microns, and the interval is 4-8 microns; performing high-temperature oxidation in the air to form a nano-particle nickel oxide layer on the nickel strap; preparing an ultrathin aluminum oxide passivation layer smaller than 1nm; sensitizing a photocathode and assembling the cell. The nano-particle nickel oxide layer prepared by the method is used as a photocathode of a solar cell, and is combined with an ultrathin aluminum oxide passivation layer to improve the efficiency of the cell and prolong the endurance of the cell.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for preparing a solar cell that effectively prolongs battery life, and belongs to the fields of material preparation and solar cells. Background technique [0002] Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) have been widely studied due to the advantages of simple preparation, low cost and high efficiency; although the conversion efficiency (η) of n-type DSCs (using n-type semiconductors as dye carriers) has reached 12%, it is still Far lower than the theoretical efficiency of 30%; pn-type DSCs can break through the conversion efficiency of traditional n-type DSCs, the structure of pn-type DSCs is inside the battery, the photoanode and photocathode are connected in series, and its open circuit voltage is theoretically n-type and p The sum of the open-circuit voltage of the type DSCs, the short-circuit current depends on the minimum current of the photoanode and the photocathode, so the photocurrents generated by the photoanode a...

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Problems solved by technology

[0002] Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) have been widely studied due to the advantages of simple preparation, low cost and high efficiency; although the conversion efficiency (η) of n-type DSCs (using n-type semiconductors as dye carriers) has reached 12%, it is still Far lower than the theoretical efficiency of 30%; pn-type DSCs can break through the conversion efficiency of traditional n-type DSCs, the structure of pn-type DSCs is inside the battery, the photoanode and photocathode are connected in series, and its open circuit voltage is theoretically n-type and p The sum of the open-circuit voltage of the type DSCs, the short-circuit current depends on the minimum current of the photoanode and the photocathode, so the photocurrents generated by the photoanode and the photocathode are required to match in value; in the p-type DSCs, the p-type semiconductor electrode acts as a The carrier of the dye plays the role of adsorbing the dye, and on the other hand plays the role of collecting holes; at present, the short-circuit current of p-type DSCs is generally too small to match that of n-type DSCs, resulting in the failure of p-type DSCs. The efficiency is relatively low, which is the key problem of pn-type DSCs. The significance of developing p-type dye-sensitized solar cells is to combine them with n-type DSCs to make pn-type DSCs with high theoretical conversion efficiency.

[0003] At present, p-type DSCs commonly use nickel oxide (NiO) to make p-type semiconductor electrodes. The preparation methods of NiO electrodes for DSCs can be roughly divided into two categories: physical methods and chemical methods: (1) physical methods, generally firstly make nickel-containing compounds. Then the slurry is coated / deposited on the conductive glass, and the NiO electrode is obtained by high-temperature calcination in the air, or the NiO film is prepared by the sputtering method; (2) chemical method, the nickel compound is in situ Deposited on conductive glass, calcined at high temperature in the air to obtain NiO electrode; the current problem in the preparation of nickel oxide electrode is how to obtain a dense NiO film with a certain thickness in order to increase the adsorption of dyes. In addition, femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy studies show that , the injection of holes from dye to NiO is an ultra-fast process, however, the speed of hole return (from NiO to dye) is also very fast, such a fast return speed reduces the separation efficiency of charges, in order to improve The separation efficiency of charges, on the one hand, it is necessary to increase the injection rate of holes, and on the other hand, it is necessary to reduce the return rate of holes.