Fungi for improvements of wood and pulp appearance and qualities

a technology of appearance and quality, applied in the field of fungi for improving the appearance and quality of wood and pulp, can solve the problems of loss of value in timber products, detrimental properties of wood products, and timber industry derives from staining

Inactive Publication Date: 2002-07-25
UNIVERSITY OF WAIKATO
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

0118] Effect of Albinos on Processed Pulp

Problems solved by technology

In the production of products from wood pulps, the presence of pitch is undesirable as it frequently forms deposits which are difficult to remove or its presence causes detrimental properties to the products derived from the wood.
Another problem in the timber industry derives from staining.
When trees are cut down they commonly become infected by any one or more of a variety of fungi which can stain the wood in any one or more of a variety of colours.
A major problem in the industry today involves loss of value in timber products, and any products derived therefrom due to the unsightly staining caused by so-called blue stain fungi which can colour the wood a variety of colours including gray, dark blue and black, such staining appearing in the wood even though the outer surfaces or regions of the wood have been cut away in forming the lumber.
Sapstain fungi are not capable of degrading cellulose or lignin, but metabolise resin extractives, starch and simple sugars.
Sapstain fungi cause a characteristic stain of sapwood resulting in a blue, black, grey or brown discolouration of the wood, and is responsible for major economic losses in the timber and some pulping industries.
Cartapip.RTM.97 has proved to be somewhat but not fully effective to reduce stain to the desired industry target of <10% stain in 3 months.

Method used

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  • Fungi for improvements of wood and pulp appearance and qualities
  • Fungi for improvements of wood and pulp appearance and qualities
  • Fungi for improvements of wood and pulp appearance and qualities

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

[0097] Results

[0098] Surprisingly not all of the albinos had the same effect for prevention of stain. This was an unexpected and unobvious result as previously it was considered that any albino or white fungus, or almost albino would constitute a biocontrol effect on wood, and prevent staining fungi from staining the wood, Successful competitive albino fungi were judged as those with less than 0.5 stain score on their own, and that maintained a stain score when challenged with one of the staining fungi, in this example Leptographium or Diplodia (Sphaeropsis sapinea) of 1 or less than 1. As shown in the results, the preferred organisms were F71, F80, F93 (all albinos, with regard to hyphae but not with regard to synnemata, of Ophiosotoma floccosum), OPC 703, 422 (albinos, with regard to hyphae but not with regard to synnemata, of the species Ophiostoma piceae) and 3410 and 7073 (albinos, with regard to hyphae but not with regard to synnemata, of the species Ophiostoma pluruanulatum)....

example 2

[0101] Results

[0102] There is a variety of responses of the albino fungi to these diagnostic tests. Not all the albinos have the same characteristics.

Example 3

[0103] Field Results on Solid Logs with Albino Inoculation

[0104] Albino fungi were grown in liquid cultures of growth media consisting of sufficient carbon, nitrogen and trace elements and vitamins to promote cell biomass accumulation (standard and non-standard mycological media are acceptable), either used in the spent growth media, or harvested by centrifugation and resuspended in water or buffer, with or without washing, were sprayed onto radiata pine logs, Either a pure single strain or more than one strain can be used simultaneously or consecutively. The typical cell concentration of the fungus in spent media, water or buffer was from 10e2 to 10e6 colony forming units per millilitre. The fungal cell suspensions were applied onto the logs by back-pack spray systems, or commercial sprayers, either variety such as used by co...

example 3

[0105] Results

[0106] Some albinos can have a positive effect on wood quality, biocontrol and keep wood from staining, better than the commercial fungus and better than commercial anti-sapstain chemicals. Some albinos have detrimental effects and increase the amount of stain, therefore not all white fungi behave in the same manner with regard to their effect on wood.

EXAMPLE 4

[0107] Resin Component Degradation

[0108] Solid wood or wood chips, either previously sterilised by gamma irradiation or some other method, or non-sterilised, was treated with more than two dozen albino fungi, a bacteria (for example Pseudomonas resinovorans) or the commercial product Cartapip 97. The inoculated wood was either left to stand at ambient temperature or incubated from 0 degrees Centigrade to plus 65 degrees Centigrade. The wood was analysed anytime from 2 days to 16 weeks, most typically between 1-8 weeks) for full extractive analysis.

[0109] Extractives Analysis

[0110] The wood extractives content of ...

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Abstract

The invention relates to the use of fungi stains of Ophiostoma floccosum, Ophiostoma piceae or Ophiostoma pluruanulatum, or mixtures on wood and pulp to improve chemical pulping processes and/or reduce cooking tie and/or improve brightness and/or decrease extractives.

Description

TECHNICAL BACKGROUND[0001] The present invention relates to the use of certain fungi in the enhancement of wood quality. More particularly, but not exclusively, it relates to the use of particular fungi strains of Ophiosotoma floccosum, Ophiostoma piceae or Ophiostoma pluruanulatum, or mixtures of strains, to elicit a useful effect on wood or wood products derived therefrom in or on a substrate or locum e.g. including biocontrol; the prevention of staining of cellulosic materials from detrimental strains or other detrimental effects from detrimental strains, or for the reduction of pitch components and / or their detrimental effects, the production of positive effects achieved from the strains in regard to solid wood with uptake of liquid materials including but not limited to glue, preservative, varnish, paint, improvement in mechanical or chemical pulping as achieved by increased efficiency of cooking liquor (with concomitant lower kappa number value achieved for the equivalent cook...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A01H15/00B27K5/00
CPCA01H15/00B27K3/002B27K5/00B27K2240/20C12R1/645C12N1/145C12R2001/645
Inventor FARRELL, ROBERTA LEE
Owner UNIVERSITY OF WAIKATO
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