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Pharmacologic Method Of Lowering Cholesterol Production

Inactive Publication Date: 2007-11-29
LANGE YVONNE +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0015] A specific embodiment of the invention includes a kit for determining the effect of a test agent on the cholesterol activity, cholesterol concentration and/

Problems solved by technology

Unfortunately, in some instances, in vivo cholesterol levels are not properly adjusted.
Cholesterol disorders, specifically high serum levels of cholesterol and the mishandling of cholesterol in cells of arterial walls, may cause disease and death in humans by contributing to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in arteries throughout the body.
Unfortunately, because of the numerous cellular uses for mevalonic acid, statins, which are largely non-specific, often have side effects because they suppress a variety of metabolic functions other than cholesterol biosynthesis.

Method used

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  • Pharmacologic Method Of Lowering Cholesterol Production
  • Pharmacologic Method Of Lowering Cholesterol Production
  • Pharmacologic Method Of Lowering Cholesterol Production

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Screen Using Red Blood Cell Lysis by Amphotericin B

[0044] Human red cells (freshly drawn or from an outdated blood bank source) were washed and suspended in physiological buffer. The red cell's cholesterol content was lowered slightly (e.g., by 20%) with cyclodextrin (Steck et al., Biophys. J., 83, 2118-25, 2002) so that they would not be lysed by amphotericin B unless a favorable compound increased the activity of the cholesterol in their membrane. The cholesterol modified cells were placed in the wells of a microtiter plate and incubated for a few minutes at room temperature with octanol and lysophosphatidylcholine, which can be replaced with a battery of drugs (individually or in mixtures). Amphotericin B was then added and the plate incubated at room temperature for an hour. Cell lysis was scored by reading light scattering in a plate-reading photometer (FIG. 1) or, more simply, by letting the unlysed cells settle for an hour in conical wells and then assessing hemolysis by eye...

example 2

Screen Using Red Blood Cell Lysis with Cholesterol Oxidase

[0046] The procedure used in this Example were the same as those for Example 1, except that cholesterol oxidase was substituted for amphotericin B. This example demonstrates that cholesterol oxidase also reports on membrane cholesterol activity. As with amphotericin B, the cholesterol oxidase enzyme scarcely acts upon cholesterol below a threshold that lies near the physiological level but vigorously oxidizes cholesterol once that threshold is reached. Lange et al. Biochim Biophys Acta, 769, 551-62. The oxidation of red cell membrane cholesterol leads to lysis. Promising agents can therefore be readily detected in a multiwell screen similar to that described above in Example 1. The results of this experiment are illustrated in FIG. 3.

example 3

Screen Using Fibroblast Cell Lysis Detected with Cholesterol Oxidase

[0047] A human fibroblast cell line is grown in bulk culture and seeded into microtiter wells the day before experimentation. The fibroblast cells from the fibroblast cell line are rinsed and treated with octanol plus cholesterol oxidase as in Example 2. The increased level of plasma membrane cholesterol activity is detected in two ways. First, plasma membrane cholesterol activity is detected by susceptibility to cholesterol oxidase. Although cholesterol in human fibroblast is a poor substrate for cholesterol oxidase under standard conditions, it is readily oxidized when the plasma membrane cholesterol activity is increased; for example, by raising its concentration by 20-55% or by adding 0.1-1.0 mM octanol. Cell lysis caused by cholesterol oxidation can also be determined by measuring increased cell permeability using a plate fluorescence reader and the impermeable indicator of potassium ions, PBFI, or another ind...

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Abstract

The present invention provides a screening method for identifying test agents that modulate cell membrane cholesterol activity. The modulating activity of the test agents may be measured using lytic compounds, which cause cell lysis or increases in cell permeability in response to cell membrane cholesterol levels. The invention further provides therapeutic agents that are identified using the screening method. The therapeutic agents either increase or decrease the cell membrane cholesterol activity, cholesterol concentration and / or both in vivo and / or in vitro.

Description

CLAIM OF PRIORITY [0001] This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60 / 561,585, filed Apr. 13, 2004, the entire teachings of which are incorporated by reference.STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH [0002] This invention was made with Government support under grant No. HL 28448 awarded by the National Institutes of Heath. The Government has certain rights in this invention.FIELD OF INVENTION [0003] The present invention relates to methods and compounds that modulate cholesterol levels as well as screening methods used to identify such compounds. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0004] Cholesterol is an essential constituent of all animal cell membranes. Cholesterol reduces the permeability of the membrane, increases the membrane's mechanical strength and helps to organize the membrane constituents laterally into domains. In the cell, cholesterol's abundance is tightly controlled through biosynthetic, storage, ingestion, and transfer pathways....

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C12Q1/60A61K31/045A61K31/685A61K49/00G01N33/50G01N33/80G01N33/92
CPCG01N33/5008G01N33/5014G01N33/502G01N2800/044G01N33/80G01N33/92G01N33/5044
Inventor LANGE, YVONNESTECK, THEODORE
Owner LANGE YVONNE
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