Method for the treatment of gallstones

Abstract

There is provided a method for controlling the movement of bile and/or gall stones in the biliary duct. The method comprises gently constricting (i.e., without substantially hampering the blood circulation in the tissue wall) at least one portion of the tissue wall to influence the movement of bile and/or gallstones in the biliary duct, and stimulating the constricted wall portion to cause contraction of the wall portion to further influence the movement of bile and/or gallstones in the biliary duct. The method can be used for restricting or stopping the movement of bile and/or gallstones in the biliary duct, or for actively moving the fluid in the biliary duct, with a low risk of injuring the biliary duct.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION[0001]This application claims the benefit of Provisional Application No. 60 / 960,716, filed Oct. 11, 2007, the entire content of which is hereby incorporated by reference in this applicationFIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]The present invention relates to the treatment of gallstones.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0003]Cholelithiasis (gallstones) is the presence or formation of gallstones in the biliary tract can cause intense pain and is potentially dangerous. It is a common medical problem, affecting 10 to 15 percent of the population. Bile is formed in the gallbladder and consists of water, cholesterol, fats, bile salts, proteins, and bilirubin. The main function is to secrete bile salts that emulsify dietary fats and to secrete bilirubin, which is a waste product. Bile is produced by hepatocytes of the liver and transported to the gall bladder were it is stored for release into the duodenum and is transported through a system of ducts. The ducts inclu...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0013]The object of the present invention is to provide a method for enhancing the movement of gallstones from the bile ducts to the duodenum, so as to at least substantially or even completely eliminate the blockage and pain associated with gallstones. One major purpose of the invention is to enable the transport of gallstones to the duodenum as this relieves the symptoms. Gallstones that reach the duodenum are secreted together with fasces.

Problems solved by technology

Cholelithiasis (gallstones) is the presence or formation of gallstones in the biliary tract can cause intense pain and is potentially dangerous.

It is a common medical problem, affecting 10 to 15 percent of the population.

If any of the biliary ducts remain blocked by gallstones for a significant period of time, severe damage or infection can occur in the gallbladder, liver, or pancreas.

Left untreated, the condition can be fatal.

A serious disadvantage with the current treatment is the risk for serious damage to the bile duct during surgery.

This is a serious problem and requires additional surgery.

Another disadvantage is that a high percentage of patients suffer from diarrhea permanently or for a long time after removal of the gall bladder.

Another more serious disadvantage is that the element that constricts, clamps or restricts a bodily organ may injure the tissue wall of the organ.

Thus, a consequence of the constricting action of the element on the organ is that the element might erode into the organ over time, and in a worst case, penetrate the constricted wall portion of the organ.

In addition, blood circulation in the constricted tissue wall portion of the organ is eventually hampered by the pressure exerted by the element, so that poor blood circulation, or worse, no blood circulation results in deterioration of the constricted tissue.

First, the apparatus would require a large amount of space, making it impractical to implant.

Second, the operation of the apparatus in moving the constricting elements between constricting and non-constricting positions day and night would require a large power supply.

Thus, because of its large size and high power consumption, the apparatus would be impractical or even unrealistic.

Finally, such a complicated apparatus of the type described above would significantly add to the costs of treating a malfunctioning sphincter.

However, the esophageal sphincter has to be continuously stimulated with electric pulses to keep it closed, except when the patient eats, which may result in a decreased stimulation effect over time.

An even more serious drawback to this solution is that the continuous stimulation over time might cause tissue deterioration due to poor blood circulation.

In cases where the function of a sphincter has completely ceased, or the sphincter has been removed from the patient's body, electric stimulation cannot be employed.

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