Non-fouling, Anti-microbial, Anti-thrombogenic graft compositions

Abstract

The present invention generally relates to articles of manufacture, such as medical devices, having a non-fouling surface comprising a grafted polymer material. The surface resists the adhesion of biological material.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 61 / 353,208, filed Jun. 9, 2010, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]The present invention generally relates to articles of manufacture, such as medical devices, having a non-fouling surface comprising a grafted polymer material. The surface resists the adhesion of biological material.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0003]Many different materials have been investigated to resist non-specific protein adsorption. Chemistries utilized for this purpose include, but are not limited to: polyethers (e.g., polyethylene glycol), polysaccharides such as dextran, hydrophilic polymers such as polyvinylpyrrolidone or hydroxyethyl-methacrylate, heparin, intramolecular zwitterions or mixed charge materials, and hydrogen bond accepting groups such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,276,286. The ability of these materials in...

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Benefits of technology

[0021]Antimicrobial: unless otherwise indicated, “antimicrobial” refers to molecules and/or compositions that kill (i.e., microbicidal), inhibit the growth of (i.e., microbistatic), and/or prevent fouling by, microorganisms including bacteria, yeast, fungi, mycoplasma, viruses or virus infected cells, and/or protozoa. Antimicrobial activity with respect to bacteria may be quantified, for example, using a standard assay. In one such assay, samples may be pre-incubated with 50% fetal bovine serum for 18-20 hours at 120 RPM at 37° C. Following pre-incubation, samples are placed in Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus, ATCC 25923) which has been diluted from an overnight culture to a planktonic concentration of 1-3×105 CFU/mL in 1% tryptone soy broth (TSB) diluted in 1×PBS or other suitable media. Samples are incu

Problems solved by technology

However, the few materials appropriate for short-term application, when used for longer periods of time in complex media or in vivo, exhibit significant fouling or other degradation, making them unsuitable for long-term applications.

Furthermore, surfaces coated with materials that resist in vivo degradation are often susceptible to a noticeable decrease in fouling resistance over time.

For hydrophilic polymers applied to hydrophobic substrates, this approach presents many challenges as it can be difficult to form stable coatings.

However, such approaches can have significant negative effects on the overall coating performance, especially when resistance to protein adsorption is desired.

Conventional fouling resistant or non-fouling materials and surface coatings are susceptible to fouling over prolonged exposure to complex media or in vivo environments.

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