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Rapid Cooling of Body and/or Brain by Irrigating with a Cooling Liquid

a technology of cooling liquid and brain, which is applied in the field of inducing rapid cooling of the brain and/or body, can solve the problems that the induction of hypothermia has not been more effective in preserving tissue function

Inactive Publication Date: 2013-05-09
NEUROSAVE
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

This patent describes a new system for quickly inducing hypothermia to treat various medical conditions such as brain damage or inflammation. The system uses the aerodigestive tract to cool the body faster than previous methods. By lengthening the cooling region and increasing the blood's stay in the tract, the method achieves deeper and faster cooling, potentially preventing permanent tissue damage. The system can target the brain or the entire body, and can maintain cooling for extended periods to provide maximum therapeutic benefit. The "technical effect" is to provide a more effective and efficient way to induce hypothermia for medical purposes.

Problems solved by technology

The slow rate of cooling and delays in initial of treatment in prior therapeutic hypothermia devices and methods have been important reasons that hypothermic induction has not been more effective in preserving tissue function (such as neurological function) following hypoxia, myocardial function following myocardial infarction, or other types of function following inflammation or injury in clinical trials.

Method used

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  • Rapid Cooling of Body and/or Brain by Irrigating with a Cooling Liquid
  • Rapid Cooling of Body and/or Brain by Irrigating with a Cooling Liquid
  • Rapid Cooling of Body and/or Brain by Irrigating with a Cooling Liquid

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

example 1

Temperature of the Liquid

[0106]Since permanent brain injury is a major cause of death and disability, more effective methods of brain cooling will benefit a subject's overall medical recovery even if these treatments risk transient damage to other tissue beds. While frost-bite can sometimes occur at temperatures less than 0° C., perfluorocarbon (PFC) and other liquids at temperatures used herein are believed to be more beneficial than harmful in this method. For example, household freezers maintain their contents at −17° C. and food (such as ice cream) is consumed at this temperature without damage to the mouth or esophagus. Likewise, cold items from a freezer can be placed on damaged skin to reduce swelling (ice packs to traumatized areas) without unacceptable risk of tissue necrosis.

[0107]The esophagus and upper airway are resilient to a variety of damaging stimuli, such as acid reflux, toxic injections, radiation and chemotherapy. The lungs, upper airways and skin have been expos...

example 2

Precooling the Brain

[0109]The disclosed brain cooling method has been described in connection with the treatment of cardiac arrest, stroke, brain injury and other conditions. However, the method can also be used prophylactically, for example to prepare a patient for cardiovascular surgery in which the patient is placed on a heart-lung bypass machine. Prior studies have shown good outcomes of cardiac surgery performed on humans externally cooled to 25° C. with ice baths. Such patients have had encouraging outcomes after circulatory arrest that lasted for 30 to 77 minutes that was not supported by hear-lung bypass or other means. Adverse neurological outcomes were observed only in 3.8% of surviving patients, predominantly in those with arrest times longer than 30 min. The brain cooling method of the present invention can be substituted for the external cooling with ice baths during such procedures.

[0110]While “suspending” cerebral metabolism may explain the protective effect of hypoth...

example 3

Clinical Indications

[0111]A variety of clinical conditions can be treated with the methods and devices disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the method involves determining whether a subject has a condition that would benefit from treatment with the cooling method and then treating the subject with the method once it has been determined that the subject has that condition. In addition, the method includes determining whether the condition would benefit from relatively selective cooling of the brain or non-selective cooling, then administering that type of cooling (or a combination thereof). Examples of such conditions, and a treatment that can be initiated in response to finding that condition, are shown in the following Table 1.

TABLE 1Clinical Indications for Cooling, and Types of CoolingSelective cooling (targets cooling primarily the head and brain)Anoxic encephalopathyCardiac arrestHemorrhagic shockSepsisNeonatal anoxic encephalopathyStrokeEmbolicHemorrhagicHead traumaClosedOpe...

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Abstract

Methods and devices are disclosed for providing therapeutic hypothermia using irrigation of the aerodigestive tract with cooled liquids. The disclosed method provides much more rapid therapeutic cooling to lower temperatures than could previously be achieved, thereby improving clinical outcomes. Novel cooling liquids and cooling devices are disclosed for carrying out the method. An external turbulent flow of cooling liquid may also be applied to the exterior of the head to further promote heat exchange. Multiple embodiments of devices are disclosed for performing rapid induction and maintenance of therapeutic hypothermia either in a hospital setting or in the field so that hypothermic treatment can be quickly instituted before significant tissue damage occurs. Methods are also disclosed for targeting brain cooling by irrigating the upper airway / aerodigestive tract, and more generalized cooling by irrigating the esophagus and / or stomach.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12 / 842,860, filed Jul. 23, 2010, which is a continuation-in-part of PCT Patent Application No. PCT / US2009 / 031924, filed Jan. 24, 2009, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61 / 023,706, filed Jan. 25, 2008. Each of these applications is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]A device and method are disclosed for inducing rapid cooling of the brain and / or body in a subject.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0003]Permanent damage to the brain is a common sequelae of stroke, trauma and cardiac arrest. Each year in the United States, over 350,000 people experience an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, and only 6.4% survive until hospital discharge without significant neurological damage. Cardiac arrest is the leading cause of death in the United States, with a direct medical cost of $2 billion per year. Stroke is the third ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A61F7/12
CPCA61F7/12A61F2007/0063A61H35/008A61H2201/025A61M16/04A61M16/0459A61M2205/3606A61M2210/0618A61F7/0053A61F2007/0002A61F2007/0056A61M19/00A61M16/0409A61M16/0438A61M16/0486A61F2007/0006A61M16/0479
Inventor KRECK, THOMAS
Owner NEUROSAVE
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