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Live microbial microbicides

a microorganism and live technology, applied in the field of live microbial microorganism microorganism microorganismicides, can solve the problems of no widely available biomedical intervention, no effective vaccine development, and little success in trying to slow the spread of hiv by behavioral measures

Inactive Publication Date: 2013-08-15
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present invention relates to a commensal bacterium that can colonize genitourinary and gastrointestinal mucosa and inhibit the infectivity and pathogenicity of a pathogen. The bacterium can secrete an antimicrobial polypeptide that can prevent HIV infection and pathogenesis. The bacterium can be a non-pathogenic strain of E. coli or other gram negative bacteria, or a gram positive bacterium like Bacillus or Lactococcus. The bacterium can be a recombinant strain of E. coli or other bacteria that has been genetically modified. The invention provides a cost-effective and easy-to-apply method for preventing new infections and rebound infections in individuals with HAART.

Problems solved by technology

Attempts to slow the spread of HIV by behavioral measures have had little success, and no widely available biomedical intervention is available.
The development of a safe and effective vaccine has proven to be extraordinarily difficult.
However, they suffer the same fundamental problem as condoms: they have to be used each time people have sex.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example i

Expression of an Anti-HIV Peptide by a Commensal Strain of E. coli

A. Experimental Design: Choice of Inhibitory Peptide, Secretion System and Bacterial Strain

[0095]The inventors engineered E. coli commensal strain Nissle 1917 to express an HIV fusion inhibitor peptide fused to the carboxy-terminal secretion signal of the hemolysin A gene (hlyA) and showed that the hybrid polypeptide secreted into the culture medium can block HIV infection. Moreover the genetically modified bacteria were capable of colonizing the gastrointestinal tract and the vagina of an experimental animal, the mouse.

[0096]As an HIV blocker, a 52 amino acid peptide comprising 47 amino acids from the C-terminal region of gp41 and 5 amino acids added to allow cloning into the expression vector-052—was chosen. For a further description of C52, see Root et al. (2003) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100, 5016-5021 and discussions elsewhere herein. The C52 peptide coding sequences were cloned into a high copy number, ampicillin-...

example ii

Efficacy Tests, Using Rhesus Macaques

A. Experimental Design: Choice of Bacteria, Test Animals, and Challenge Virus.

[0112]The inventor used macaques to demonstrate that a commensal strain of E. coli expressing an HIV fusion inhibitor peptide can colonize the gastrointestinal tract of a primate and that the genetically modified bacteria inhibit infection by an HIV-SIV hybrid virus. The bacteria used for this experiment were E. coli Nissle 1917 expressing C52-HlyA hybrid peptides because the previous data showed that these organisms can secrete high levels of biologically active peptide and can efficiently colonize mucosal surfaces of the gastrointestinal tract (see, 1 e.g., Example I). The test animals were rhesus macaque of Chinese origin, which were selected because they are a well-studied nonhuman primate model for immunodeficiency virus infection and pathognesis. The challenge virus was SHIV 162p3, an HIV-SIV hybrid virus. This strain was chosen because (i) it uses the same envelo...

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Abstract

The present invention relates, e.g., to a commensal bacterium which can colonize the genitourinary and / or gastrointestinal mucosa, and which, under suitable conditions, secretes a heterologous antimicrobial polypeptide, wherein the secreted antimicrobial polypeptide is effective to inhibit infectivity by, or a pathogenic activity of, a pathogen. In a most preferred embodiment, the antimicrobial polypeptide inhibits HIV infection (e.g., fusion) and / or pathogenesis. Also described are preventive or therapeutic compositions comprising the commensal bacteria, and methods to inhibit infectivity and / or pathogenesis, using the bacteria.

Description

[0001]This application is a Continuation-In-Part of PCT application, PCT / US2005 / 030216, filed Aug. 25, 2005, and claims the benefit of the filing date of U.S. provisional applications, Ser. No. 60 / 604,051, filed Aug. 25, 2004 and 60 / 688,376, filed Jun. 8, 2005, both of which are incorporated herein in their entirety.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]The present invention relates, e.g., to a commensal bacterium that can colonize the mucosa of the gastrointestinal and / or genitourinary tract and, under suitable conditions, can block the infectious and / or disease-causing activity of a pathogen by secreting a heterologous antimicrobial polypeptide. Also described are preventive and therapeutic compositions comprising such bacteria, and methods to inhibit a pathogen, comprising administering such a bacterium to a subject in need of such treatment.BACKGROUND INFORMATION[0003]The global HIV / AIDS epidemic continues to grow at an alarming rate. There are now more than 40 million people infected wit...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A61K35/74A61K35/741A61K38/16A61K39/00
CPCA61K35/741A61K35/74A61K38/164A61K38/1709A61K38/1774A61K38/1793A61K38/195A61K2035/11A61K2039/523C07K14/005C07K2319/02C12N15/72C12N2740/15022C12N2740/16122C12R1/01C12R1/07C12R1/19C12R1/36C12R1/385C12R1/46A61K38/162C12R2001/07C12N1/205C12R2001/19C12R2001/36C12R2001/385C12R2001/46C12R2001/01
Inventor HAMER, DEAN
Owner UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
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