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Gasoline Deposit Control Additive Compositions

a technology of additive compositions and gasoline, which is applied in the preparation of imino compounds, fuel additives, liquid carbonaceous fuels, etc., can solve the problems of reducing the effectiveness of detergent additives, and reducing the efficiency of additives

Inactive Publication Date: 2013-09-26
BUTAMAXTM ADVANCED BIOFUELS
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

This patent is about a chemical additive that prevents deposits in car fuel. It consists of a mixture of hydrocarbons and alcohols. The additive includes a specific chemical reaction product made from certain chemicals and a specific type of amine. The additive also contains a carburetor / injector detergent additive with specific chemical structures. The technical effect of this additive is to prevent the buildup of deposits in car fuel, which can improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions.

Problems solved by technology

One of these is the formation of deposits in the fuel induction system such as the carburetor or fuel injector and around the intake valves.
These deposits interfere with the efficient operation of the engine and can lead to lower mileage and increased exhaust emissions.
These impurities likewise may ultimately end up in the fuel induction system of the engine and contribute to deposit formation.
Also the aldehydes and ketones could react with the amine functionality of the detergent additive and reduce its effectiveness.
This change in solvency can impede the detergent additive performance because the carefully chosen amine base strength and chain composition described previously behaves differently in this medium.
In extreme cases of altered compatibility between the detergent additive and the alcohol gasoline blend, the detergent additive can precipitate from solution or insolubilize on the engine's intake valves causing sticking during start-up at cold temperatures.
At high concentrations, low-temperature valve-sticking becomes a critical issue because the high concentration can leave a film of sticky additive on the intake-valve stem causing the valve to remain open during cold-starting.
However, the change in solvency of alcohol-gasoline blends can upset this compatibility.

Method used

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  • Gasoline Deposit Control Additive Compositions
  • Gasoline Deposit Control Additive Compositions
  • Gasoline Deposit Control Additive Compositions

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

[0047]A modified deposit control additive of the present invention, iso-BuPIBA #1, was prepared by refluxing 3.64 grams of isobutyraldehyde with 176 grams of AP-NA4M and 20 grams of isobutanol as a solvent for 3 hours. AP-NA4M is a formulated PIB amine type conventional deposit control additive manufactured by BASF Corporation including fluidizer, demulsifier and corrosion inhibitor and contains approximately 0.26 milli-equivalents of nitrogen. The equivalents of isobutyraldehyde added were 1.1 times the equivalents of nitrogen in the AP-NA4M. Infrared spectroscopy indicated conversion of about 79% of the aldehyde carbonyl and the appearance of an imine absorption.

[0048]All of the resulting iso-BuPIBA #1 was mixed with 83.5 gallons of all hydrocarbon conventional regular gasoline and 16.5 gallons of isobutanol. The resulting fuel blend would have contained four times the LAC dose of the conventional deposit control additive if the conventional deposit control additive had not been m...

example 2

[0060]A sequence similar to Example 1 was employed with a polyether amine type of deposit control additive. A deposit control additive of the present invention, iso-BuPEA #1, was prepared by refluxing 6.00 grams of isobutyraldehyde with 228 grams of HiTec® 6400 and 20 grams of isobutanol as solvent for 3 hours. HiTec 6400 is a formulated polyether amine (PEA) type of conventional deposit control additive manufactured by Afton Chemical Company and contains approximately 0.25 milli-equivalents of nitrogen. The equivalents of isobutyraldehyde added were 1.5 times the equivalents of nitrogen in HiTec 6400 Infrared spectroscopy indicated conversion of about 85% of the aldehyde carbonyl and appearance of an imine absorption.

[0061]All of the resulting iso-BuPEA #1 was mixed with 83.5 gallons of conventional all hydrocarbon regular gasoline and 16.5 gallons of isobutanol. This fuel blend would have contained four times the LAC dose of the conventional deposit control additive if the convent...

example 3

[0069]Four deposit control additives of the present invention were prepared using the amounts in Table 5 by refluxing for 3 hours. The molar ratio of amine to carbonyl compound was 1:1 for all these additives. These four additives and / or AP-NA4M were combined with an all hydrocarbon regular gasoline base mixed with n-butanol in a 9:1 volume:volume ratio to make fuels described in Table 6.

TABLE 5Carbonyln-ButanolModified Carbonylcompound,AP-NA4Mweight,DCAcompoundweight, gramsweight, gramsgramsdesignation4-methyl-3-0.7027.520.8ModPIBA pente-2-one#14-methyl-3-2.2588.020.0ModPIBA pente-2-one#2n-butyraldehyde1.6588.020.0ModPIBA #3Acetone1.3388.020.0ModPIBA #4

[0070]The fuels in Table 6 were tested for IVD keep clean performance by running them in a General Motors 3.8 liter V-6 engine dynamometer test rig for 20 hours. The continuously repeated speed-load cycle for these tests consisted of 2000 rpm at manifold absolute pressure of 230 kPa (approximately 9 ft-lb) for 240 seconds and 2800 rp...

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Abstract

A gasoline deposit control additive composition for use in a fuel comprising from about 70 to about 95 volume percent of hydrocarbons in the gasoline boiling range and from about 5 to about 30 volume percent of at least one alcohol, comprising the imine or tertiary amine product of the reaction between (a) at least one aldehyde or ketone or mixture thereof having the formula R16CHO, R16CH2CHO, R17(C=0)R18 or R17CH2(C=0)R18, wherein R16, R17, and R18 are the same or different and are each independently a straight or branched chain hydrocarbyl or aryl group that contains from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and (b) a primary or secondary amine functionality.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application is related to and claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61 / 150,045 filed Feb. 5, 2009, the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]The invention relates to the field of detergent additive compositions, particularly to gasoline deposit control additive compositions, for use in gasoline containing an alcohol component.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0003]Detergent additives are required in fuels in order to control intake-valve deposits that can cause increased emissions from vehicles. Generally these additives have amine functionality, typically primary or secondary amines or both, and a hydrocarbyl chain that is compatible with the fuel. The amine functionality binds to the intake-valve deposits, and the chain allows solubilization either in the liquid fuel or a carrier fluid that may be included in the detergent control additive package. The amine's base ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C10L1/232C10L1/182C10L1/224C10L1/228C10L1/226
CPCC07C249/02C10L1/026C10L1/221C10L1/2222C10L1/2283C10L1/232C10L1/228C10L1/2383C10L1/2387C10L10/18C10L1/1824C10L1/224C10L1/226C10L1/238C10L1/22
Inventor WOLF, LESLIE R.
Owner BUTAMAXTM ADVANCED BIOFUELS