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Liquid bio-fuels

Active Publication Date: 2014-05-08
MARD INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present patent describes a new type of liquid bio-fuel that can be used in fuel-powered devices. The bio-fuel contains a high amount of oxygen and low amount of water, and has a high heating value and stability. It can be produced from pyrolysis of biomass. This new bio-fuel can be used as a replacement for petroleum-derived fuel without needing to modify the device. Combining the two fuels can also be done in a ratio to achieve desired properties of the bio-fuel.

Problems solved by technology

Despite recent advancements in biomass conversion processes, many of the existing biomass conversion processes produce low-quality bio-oils containing high amounts of oxygen, which are difficult, if not impossible, to separate into various fractions.
More specifically, the production of bio-oil by pyrolysis, both fast and slow, can be problematic.
However, besides all those advantages, instability, corrosiveness and low heating value compared to conventional heating oil, have precluded a full success of pyrolysis bio-oils as a heating fuel.
Moreover, it has been recognized that pyrolysis derived bio-oils are unsuitable for use as a heating oils and cannot be directly used as a heating oil without subsequent hydrotreating (see for example EP 0718392 and WO 2009 / 126508).
In fact EP 0718392 notes that hydrotreating to completely remove oxygen from bio-oil would represent a major and prohibitive cost because of the high oxygen content of pyrolysis derived bio-oil.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

[0088]Three bio-oil samples were produced from the conversion of yellow pine particles. Sample A was produced by biomass catalytic cracking using a clay-type catalyst in a riser reactor operated at a reactor outlet temperature of about 550° C. Samples B and C were produced by biomass catalytic cracking using a zeolite-type catalyst in a riser reactor operated at a reactor outlet temperature of about 600° C. The oxygen content and heating value of the bio-oil were determined by ASTM D5291 and ASTM D240 test methods, respectively. The results are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1Sample ASample BSample COxygen Content241710(% wt.)Heating Value11,26113,72715,156(btu / lb)For comparison, the heating value of typical pyrolysis bio-oils does not exceed 10,000 btu / lb as can be seen from a) Mahinpey, N.; Murugan, P.; Mani, T. and Raina, R. Analysis of bio-oil, biogas, and biochar from pressurized pyrolysis of wheat straw using a tubular reactor. Energy & Fuels 2009. 23 (5), 2736-2742; and b) Czernik, S...

example 2

[0089]Stability was assessed for four samples of bio-oil based on changes in viscosity using an accelerated thermal stability test based on the observations of Czernik et al. as reported in Czernik, S.; Johnson, D. K. and Black, S. Stability of wood fast pryrolysis oil. Biomass and Bioenergy 1994. 7 (1-6), 187-192. Czernik et al. illustrates that viscosity changes for bio-oil stored 12 weeks at 37° C. corresponds to 6 hours at 90° C. and, hence, that viscosity changes for bio-oil stored 1 year at 37° C. corresponds to 24 hours at 90° C. The accelerated thermal stability test used for the inventive bio-oil samples in these examples comprised heating the samples to 90° C. and holding the samples at that temperature for 48 hours. Test amounts were taken from the samples at 0, 8, 24 and 48 hours and viscosity measurements were taken with the test amount temperature being at 40° C. Viscosity was measured using a modified version of ASTM D2983 using a higher temperature than standard due ...

example 3

[0091]Three additional bio-oil samples produced from southern yellow pine by biomass catalytic cracking using a zeolite-type catalyst in a riser reactor operated at a reactor outlet temperature of about 500 to 650° C. The three bio-oil samples were subjected to the accelerated thermal stability test in order to establish the effect of increased stability in the heat value of bio-oils. As shown in Table 2, ultra-stable bio-oils (bio-oils with a stability parameter of less than 1 cp / h) all exhibited low oxygen content and heating values greater than 10,000 btu / lb. Accordingly, the ultra-stable bio-oils all had superior heating value.

TABLE 2[O]Stability ParameterHeating ValueSample(wt %)(cps / h)(BTU / lb)Sample 890.1315200Sample 9100.2614939Sample 10120.3314500

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Abstract

Liquid bio-fuels and processes for their production are provided. The liquid bio-fuels can have improved stability, less corrosiveness, and / or an improved heating value.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13 / 025,483, filed Feb. 11, 2011 and is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13 / 212,861, filed Aug. 18, 2011.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]This invention relates generally to renewable fuels. More particularly, this invention relates to liquid bio-fuels and processes for producing liquid bio-fuels.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0003]With the rising costs and environmental concerns associated with fossil fuels, renewable energy sources have become increasingly important. The development of renewable fuel sources provides a means for reducing the dependence on fossil fuels. Accordingly, many different areas of renewable fuel research are currently being explored and developed.[0004]With its low cost and wide availability, biomass has increasingly been emphasized as an ideal feedstock in renewable fuel research. Consequently, many different convers...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C10L1/18F02C3/24F02B45/10
CPCC10L1/1802F02C3/24F02B45/10C10L1/02C10L2290/12C10L2290/02C10L2290/54C10G1/02C10G3/44C10G3/49C10G2300/1011C10G2400/06C10G2400/08Y02P30/20Y02E50/10
Inventor RAMIREZ CORREDORES, MARIA MAGDALENABAUER, LORENZ J.SANCHEZ, VICENTE
Owner MARD INC
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