The invention discloses an emergency oxygen supply device, and belongs to the technical field of emergency life-saving equipment. Comprising an oxygen production module, a cooling, humidifying and impurity removing module, a buffer module, a gas proportioning module, a gas conveying module and a positioning display module, the oxygen production module, the cooling, humidifying and impurity removing module, the gas proportioning module and the gas conveying module are sequentially communicated, and the buffer module is communicated with the gas proportioning module. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that firstly, the oxygen production reaction rate and process are controllable, and the requirements of people for the oxygen supply speed in different physiological states are met; secondly, a cooling, humidifying and impurity removing module is arranged, and generated gas is high in safety and comfort degree; thirdly, a gas proportioning module is arranged, so that the device can be used for emergency oxygen supply for coma people; and finally, accurate positioning can be achieved, a rescuer can conveniently lock the position of the device, and rescue is carried out in time.