Non-mercury catalyst for acetylene hydrochlorination and method of preparing the same

Abstract

The invention discloses a non-mercury catalyst used in the acetylene hydrochlorination and preparation method thereof. The method includes the following steps: (1) dissolving noble metal chloride 0.5-3 parts by weight and base metal chloride 1-10 parts by weight into 2-4 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution to obtain a 0.01-0.05mol / L noble metal chloride solution; (2) adding the activated carbon 100 parts by weight into the solution at room temperature for 5-12 hours; (3) evaporating the immersion liquid on the activated carbon at 80-100 DEG C, drying at 70-80 DEG C for 2-4 hours and calcining at 120-140 DEG C for 4-12 hours; (4) and activating in hydrogen chloride atmosphere for 0.5-3 hours. The inventive catalyst can be used for green synthesis of vinyl chloride monomer to reach a conversion rate of acetylene up to 95-98% and selectivity of vinyl chloride greater than 99%.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a non-mercury catalyst which can be used for acetylene hydrochlorination and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of catalysts in organic synthesis and the preparation thereof. Background technique [0002] Vinyl chloride monomer is an important raw material for organic chemical synthesis. The main use of vinyl chloride monomer is to produce polyvinyl chloride and vinyl chloride copolymer, which is one of the main raw materials of modern plastic products, of which about 65% are used for polyvinyl chloride plastic building materials, 8% are used for plastic packaging materials, 7 % for electronic and electrical products, 5% for plastic furniture and home decorations, 4% for civilian consumer goods, and 11% for other plastic products, such as various coatings and adhesives. In the pharmaceutical industry, vinyl chloride is used as an intermediate in the production of chloroacetaldehyde and sulfa drugs. Vinyl c...

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Problems solved by technology

Deng Guocai of Nankai University and others have studied a non-mercury catalyst with stannous chloride as the main active component, which has the advantages of low reaction temperature, high activity, and good selectivity, but its active components are easy to lose, resulting in catalyst deactivation; The research on the synthesis of non-mercury catalysts for vinyl chloride began as early as the 1980s. Since the PVC industry has gradually turned to ethylene as a raw material for the production of vinyl chloride monomers, the research on this non-mercury catalyst has not attracted much attention. People's enough attention, research and development work intermittent

Foreign scholars G.J.Hutchings and others have conducted a series of studies on gold, palladium, platinum and other single metals. The results show that all single metal elements have certain catalytic activity for acetylene hydrochlorination, but the activity is not high and the activity cycle is short. , there are common problems such as overheating phenomena in the reaction process, which are difficult to overcome.