Full cycle dry distillation process and system for producing shale oil from oil shale (coal)

Abstract

The invention provides a full cycle dry distillation process and a system which use oil shale (coal) to produce shale oil; the technological process includes that the distillation of the oil shale is processed in an oil shale distillation system which is composed of an oil shale input storage tank, a non-oxygen coal-gas heating retort and a semi-coke discharge device to generate pyrogenous coal gas and the semi-coke; the pyrogenous coal gas is separated and purified by a pyrogenous coal gas multi-stage purifying system composed of a coal gas collecting pipe, an oil-washing tower, an intercooling tower and an electrical oil trap; the obtained coal gas is preheated by a coal gas preheating system composed of a fluidized bed combustion furnace, a spiral feeder and a duster collector and then is fed into the non-oxygen coal-gas heating retort for the dry distillation of the oil shale; the oil product separated from the oil-washing tower, the intercooling tower and the electrical oil trap is purified and collected through an oil product purifying and collecting system so that the shale oil product is obtained; the semi-coke and the sludge generated during the dry distillation and purification process are used as the materials for the preheating of the coal gas. The dry distillation process in the invention can effectively realize the functions of dry distillation, dust separation and combusting the semi-coke and sludge generated during the process of dry distillation for the preheating of the coal gas; thereby, the sources is utilized sufficiently and the environmental protection requirement is fulfilled.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to a process and a device for producing shale oil by fractionating dry distillation oil shale (coal). Background technique [0002] At present, the domestic oil shale and coal refining technologies are mainly based on the Fushun retort process. As the air burns the shale to generate heat for the shale retort, a series of post-processing problems have occurred. The air contains 21% oxygen. , 79% Nitrogen, Oxygen acts as a combustion-supporting agent and the combustible components in the shale produce heat, but also CO and CO 2 In 100% of the air, only 21% of the oxygen is used for combustion. The input of 79% of nitrogen increases the gas volume, which also increases the load of the recovery system. The corresponding recovery system equipment must also be increased, which increases the production cost. , Nitrogen is heated to form nitrides, which also increases the difficulty of the recovery system and increases the corresponding proces...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

As a result, the oil production rate is reduced, the gas volume is large, the calorific value of gas is reduced, and the processing capacity of the recovery system is increased and complicated. The recovery system uses water washing and dust removal, resulting in large water consumption, large sewage volume, and serious environmental pollution.

However, foreign dry distillation processes have the disadvantages of complex equipment and difficulty in popularization

Images