Bitter earth nano-catalyst material capable of being used for high-energy solid propellant and synthetic method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a magnesia nano-catalyst material for a high-energy solid propellant and a synthesis method thereof, and relates to both nano-science and high energy solid propellant fields. The method comprises the steps of dissolving magnesium acetate in absolute alcohol and conducting solvent thermal treatment at the temperature ranging from 160 to 20 DEG C to get a magnesic precursor; and placing the precursor into a muffle furnace and conducting calcination at the temperature of 450 DEG C for 2 hours to get white MgO nano-catalyst. The material has a specific surface area of 230 m2 / g and an aperture of 5nm. The temperature of ammonium perchlorate high-temperature decomposition is reduced by 78 DEG C and the apparent heat of decomposition is increased to 1059 J / g from the previous 371 J / g.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The invention relates to the field of high-energy solid propellants, in particular to a MgO nano catalyst material with a high specific surface area and a synthesis method thereof. Background technique:

[0002] Solid propellant is the power source material of rocket motor and plays an important role in the development of missile and aerospace technology. Ammonium perchlorate (AP) is a high-energy oxidizer commonly used in solid propellants. Its thermal decomposition characteristics have an important impact on the comprehensive performance of solid propellants. The thermal decomposition of pure ammonium perchlorate is divided into two processes, low temperature decomposition and high temperature decomposition, which limit the energy release during its combustion. In order to increase the burning rate of the composite solid propellant, it is necessary to move the thermal decomposition reaction temperature range of ammonium perchlorate forward as much...

Examples

example 1

[0012] Example 1: 4.29g (0.02mol) of analytically pure magnesium acetate with 4 crystal waters was added to 150mL of absolute ethanol, stirred and dissolved to obtain a transparent solution. Then transfer the obtained solution into a reaction kettle, seal it, place it in a constant temperature box, and keep it warm at 160°C for 6 hours. After the reaction, the reaction kettle is naturally cooled to room temperature, filtered, dried, and collected to obtain a white precursor sample. The precursor was placed in a muffle furnace and calcined at 450 °C for 2 h to obtain a white MgO nanocatalyst.

example 2

[0013] Example 2: Add 4.29g (0.02mol) of analytically pure magnesium acetate with 4 crystal waters into 150mL of absolute ethanol, stir and dissolve to obtain a transparent solution. Then the obtained solution was transferred into a reaction kettle, sealed, placed in a constant temperature box, and kept at 180°C for 6 hours. After the reaction, the reaction kettle was naturally cooled to room temperature, filtered, dried, and collected to obtain a white precursor sample. The precursor was placed in a muffle furnace and calcined at 450 °C for 2 h to obtain a white MgO nanocatalyst.

example 3

[0014] Example 3: Accurately weigh 0.098g ammonium perchlorate and 0.002g MgO nanometer catalyst on an electronic balance. The two are fully ground and mixed with a mortar to obtain ammonium perchlorate (content: 2%) added with MgO nanometer catalyst. Take 15 mg of pure ammonium perchlorate or ammonium perchlorate added with MgO nano-catalyst, put it in a differential scanning calorimeter for analysis, and compare and study the catalytic effect of MgO nano-catalyst on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate.

Technical field:

[0001] The invention relates to the field of high-energy solid propellants, in particular to a MgO nano catalyst material with a high specific surface area and a synthesis method thereof. Background technique:

[0002] Solid propellant is the power source material of rocket motor and plays an important role in the development of missile and aerospace technology. Ammonium perchlorate (AP) is a high-energy oxidizer commonly used in solid propellants. Its thermal decomposition characteristics have an important impact on the comprehensive performance of solid propellants. The thermal decomposition of pure ammonium perchlorate is divided into two processes, low temperature decomposition and high temperature decomposition, which limit the energy release during its combustion. In order to increase the burning rate of the composite solid propellant, it is necessary to move the thermal decomposition reaction temperature range of ammonium perchlorate forward as much...

Examples

example 1

[0012] Example 1: 4.29g (0.02mol) of analytically pure magnesium acetate with 4 crystal waters was added to 150mL of absolute ethanol, stirred and dissolved to obtain a transparent solution. Then transfer the obtained solution into a reaction kettle, seal it, place it in a constant temperature box, and keep it warm at 160°C for 6 hours. After the reaction, the reaction kettle is naturally cooled to room temperature, filtered, dried, and collected to obtain a white precursor sample. The precursor was placed in a muffle furnace and calcined at 450 °C for 2 h to obtain a white MgO nanocatalyst.

example 2

[0013] Example 2: Add 4.29g (0.02mol) of analytically pure magnesium acetate with 4 crystal waters into 150mL of absolute ethanol, stir and dissolve to obtain a transparent solution. Then the obtained solution was transferred into a reaction kettle, sealed, placed in a constant temperature box, and kept at 180°C for 6 hours. After the reaction, the reaction kettle was naturally cooled to room temperature, filtered, dried, and collected to obtain a white precursor sample. The precursor was placed in a muffle furnace and calcined at 450 °C for 2 h to obtain a white MgO nanocatalyst.

example 3

[0014] Example 3: Accurately weigh 0.098g ammonium perchlorate and 0.002g MgO nanometer catalyst on an electronic balance. The two are fully ground and mixed with a mortar to obtain ammonium perchlorate (content: 2%) added with MgO nanometer catalyst. Take 15 mg of pure ammonium perchlorate or ammonium perchlorate added with MgO nano-catalyst, put it in a differential scanning calorimeter for analysis, and compare and study the catalytic effect of MgO nano-catalyst on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate.

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