Method for extracting microbial lipid and short chain alcohol fatty acid ester thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an extracting method of microbial oil and short chain alcohol fatty ester, comprising: water content regulation: wet cultures which contain microbial oil and the water content of which is 20-90 percent are obtained; microwave treatment: the microwave irradiation is carried out on the wet cultures so that the water content lowers to 5-40 percent; short chain alcohol treatment: the alcoholysis is carried out on the oil in part of microbial bodies under the function of alkaline catalyst, and the oil is extracted simultaneously; solvent recovery: the solid-liquid separationis carried out, and mixture of the microbial oil and the short chain alcohol fatty ester is obtained after the short chain alcohol is recovered through the evaporation. The method has high extractingefficiency and the microbial oil and the short chain alcohol fatty ester can be obtained simultaneously.

Description

Technical field [0001] The present invention relates to a method for extracting microbial oils. Specifically, it is a method that takes microbial oils as the extraction target and can simultaneously prepare short-chain alcohol fatty acid esters. Background technique [0002] Microbial lipids refer to lipids synthesized and stored inside cells by microorganisms such as fungi (including yeast), bacteria, or microalgae under specific culture environments. Their chemical components mainly include triglycerides and phospholipids. Certain microorganisms can accumulate a large amount of oil in cells, which can reach more than 20% of the dry weight of the cell. They are called oil-producing microorganisms and are natural oil resources that have yet to be further developed. Since the production of microbial oils is not affected by region, climate and season, and cheap industrial and agricultural wastes can be used as raw materials for microbial fermentation to produce natural oils, i...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Although the above-mentioned methods have their own advantages, and even some have been successfully put into industrial production, there are many shortcomings: (1) the extraction is not thorough, such as dry extraction, which is often difficult to reduce the residual oil rate of bacteria residue to less than 1% in industry, and wet extraction (2) The operating efficiency is low, such as industrial wet extraction requires long-term enzyme treatment and multi-stage equilibrium extraction, and the operation cycle is very long; (3) The operation process is complicated, such as wet extraction often Extraction emulsification occurs, and it is difficult to separate the extraction phase and the raffinate phase; the use of mixed solvents will lead to difficulties in solvent recovery; (4) the process is poor in safety, such as dry extraction often using flammable and explosive hydrocarbon solvents, and sometimes it is necessary to Operation under high pressure

Based on this, it can be seen that considering the equipment investment and operating costs, the existing microbial oil extraction methods have a high overall operating cost and are not economical for large-scale microbial oil extraction.