Mechanical multidirectional absorber

Abstract

A mechanical multidirectional absorber relates to the field of oil and gas well projects and geological exploration drilling and comprises an upper joint. The lower end of the upper joint is connected with a mandrel which comprises a large-outer-diameter mandrel, a medium-outer-diameter mandrel and a small-outer-diameter mandrel. A mud scraping ring seat, a stabilizing cylinder, a spline cylinder and a guide cylinder are arranged outside the mandrels. The stabilizing cylinder comprises a large-inner-diameter stabilizing cylinder and a small-inner-diameter stabilizing cylinder. An upper hydraulic chamber is arranged between the medium-outer-diameter mandrel and the large-inner-diameter stabilizing cylinder. A damping ring gap is arranged between the medium-outer-diameter mandrel and the small-inner-diameter stabilizing cylinder. A piston, a thrust bearing and an upper elastomer are arranged between the mandrel and the spline cylinder as well as the guide cylinder. The piston comprises a piston body and a piston joint. The piston body comprises a large-inner-diameter piston body and a small-inner-diameter piston body and is provided with a torque transforming mechanism. A lower hydraulic chamber is arranged between the small-outer-diameter mandrel and the large-inner-diameter piston body. A guide rod is connected with the lower end of the mandrel. A lower elastomer and a lower joint are arranged between the guide rod and the guide cylinder. The lower joint is connected with the lower end of the guide cylinder. The mechanical multidirectional absorber integrates the functions of damping, vibration attenuation and vibration isolation and has good safety.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical fields of oil and gas well engineering and geological exploration drilling. Background technique [0002] The working principle of the existing hydraulic two-way shock absorber mainly uses 201-100 methyl silicone oil injected into the hydraulic cylinder as a liquid spring to absorb the axial vibration impact load of the drill string during the drilling process. In addition, the trapezoidal screw in the inner hole of the piston is connected to the mandrel, so that the torsional vibration impact load of the drill string is converted into the axial component force of the piston, which is transformed into the internal pressure of the hydraulic cylinder, so as to maintain a stable working torque of the drill bit. (For details, see pages 530-532 of "Drilling Engineering Technical Manual" - China Petrochemical Press, the first edition in February 2005, and the second printing in January 2006.) Over the years, hydraulic t...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] However, the hydraulic two-way dampers introduced in the "Drilling Engineering Technical Manual" have ignored the damping effect of the drill string damper and the key role of correctly changing the natural frequency of the drill string

Therefore, the production and testing at the application site prove that the tools they produce are not effective in eliminating or slowing down the peak value of drill string vibration shock load and avoiding drill string resonance

[0005] In addition, the applicant also believed that some hydraulic two-way shock absorbers failed due to reasons such as unreasonable design of seals, poor temperature resistance of rubber parts, low manufacturing precision of sealing parts, or deformation of hydraulic cylinders under high pressure conditions. It cannot meet the drilling requirements of deep wells, ultra-deep wells under high temperature and high pressure and complex geological conditions

201-100 methyl silicone oil is used as the liquid spring of the existing hydraulic two-way shock absorber. Due to its low viscosity, it is easy to leak during rotary drilling under high temperature (above 150°C) and high pressure (30MPa~70MPa), and A slight leak of silicone oil can cause tool failure

Even sometimes due to leakage of oil plugs or other sealing parts, the silicone oil is continuously leaked during the long-distance transportation, and the tool is no longer usable when it is transported to the drilling site

Especially at present in my country's silicone oil market, there is no technical index requirement for the volume compressibility of silicone oil from various manufacturers, and none of the manufacturers has the means to test the volume compressibility of silicone oil. Therefore, most manufacturers purchase solid raw materials and blend them into silicone oils of different viscosities. Products, there is no introduction to performance indicators of product volume compression rate

The shock absorber manufacturer blindly purchased this silicone oil to be used as a liquid spring, and no one can clearly explain the stiffness performance and vibration damping effect of the shock absorber in the mine

[0006] In addition, due to the high requirements for the manufacturing precision of the hydraulic two-way shock absorber, the price of steel continues to rise, and the market price of silicone oil is also relatively expensive, resulting in the high overall cost of the hydraulic two-way shock absorber

[0007] Furthermore, when the shock absorber is assembled and the ground test is carried out, under the above-mentioned pressure conditions, the test personnel operate around the high-pressure "container" and the high-pressure pipeline, which may cause unsafe hidden dangers of personal injury

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