High-viscosity fuel preheating system for diesel engine

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-viscosity fuel preheating system for a diesel engine, relating to the technical field of diesel engines of directly using high-viscosity fuel. The high-viscosity fuel preheating system comprises a heat exchanger (11), a temperature sensor (8), an exhaust control valve (12) and a controller (13), wherein an exhaust hole of an engine (1) is connected with an exhaust pipe (2) for exhausting waste gas, the exhaust pipe (2) is provided with a branch pipe and connected with the heat exchanger (11) through a heat exchanger air inlet pipe (4), and the exhaust control valve (12) is arranged on the heat exchanger air inlet pipe (4); a heat exchanger gas outlet pipe (5) is connected with a tail gas treatment device; and an oil tank (10) is connected with an oil inlet of the heat exchanger (11) through an oil pipe (6), and an oil outlet of the heat exchanger (11) is connected with an oil spraying pump (9) through the oil pipe (6) and introduced into the engine (1). In the invention, oils such as jatropha curcasl oil and the like are heated by using the heat exchanger with a heat energy exhausting function in a combustion chamber to ensure that viscosity and flowability as well as spraying condition of the oil spraying nozzle are improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of diesel engines directly burning high-viscosity fuel, in particular to a preheating system for diesel engines burning high-viscosity fuel. Background technique [0002] As an alternative fuel for internal combustion engines, the most common use of biomass energy is to use biomass to produce liquid fuels and gaseous fuels. At present, the use of vegetable oil or modified vegetable oil as diesel fuel or blended with diesel has attracted more and more attention. [0003] Vegetable oil is mainly composed of water-insoluble triglycerides, and its chemical structure is more complex than diesel oil, in which fatty acids are linked to glycerol through lipids. Compared with diesel oil, vegetable oil has the following characteristics: its molecule is three times larger than that of diesel oil, and its physical and chemical properties are different from diesel oil; it has high viscosity, poor volatility, large spray...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, due to the high viscosity of jatropha oil, it will cause the following problems when it is directly burned by diesel engine at room temperature: the resistance is large when it is transported in the diesel fuel system, and the fuel supply is reduced under the same conditions; the higher viscosity will affect the fuel passing through the nozzle. The final atomization effect will lead to increased combustion unsafety; more fuel will be deposited on the nozzle, which will lead to serious nozzle clogging; incompletely burned fuel will be mixed into the diesel engine lubrication system, resulting in lubricating oil pollution and sludge generation

[0006] At present, burners are mostly used in the market to preheat the fuel. The disadvantages are: 1. The heating efficiency is not high; 2. It consumes extra energy

This part of heat is often discharged with the exhaust gas of the engine, and is wasted in vain, which is neither energy-saving nor environmentally friendly.

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