Method for extracting and degumming banana fiber by steam explosion technology

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of textile industry, and relates to a method for extracting and degumming banana fibers by using steam explosion technology. Banana stalks are taken as raw materials, and after cutting, steam explosion extraction is performed to obtain banana crude fibers, and the banana crude fibers are soaked in alkali The pre-alkali treatment is carried out in the liquid, and then the banana fiber is obtained through steam explosion degumming, bleaching and post-treatment. The invention has a simple process and a short process cycle, uses discarded banana stalk resources in banana orchards as the main raw material, and has low cost. It adopts the combination of pre-alkali treatment and steam explosion, which not only effectively improves the banana fiber yield, but also reduces the banana fiber residue. At the same time avoiding environmental pollution, it opens up a new way to extract and degumming banana stem fibers, which is conducive to the comprehensive utilization of banana orchard waste resources and the further improvement of product added value.

Description

technical field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of textile industry, and relates to methods for fiber extraction and degumming, in particular to a method for fiber extraction and degumming by steam explosion technology using banana stems as raw materials. Background technique

[0002] The banana industry is one of the pillar industries of tropical agriculture in China. The banana production areas in my country produce more than 7 million tons of banana stalks every year. At present, they are directly returned to the field or discarded, which not only causes a great waste of resources but also destroys ecosystem. Banana fiber is mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, its cellulose content is lower than that of flax and jute, and its hemicellulose and lignin content is higher. A large number of studies have shown that banana fiber has many advantages such as: high strength , small elongation, fast moisture absorption and release, high initial modulus...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0017] 1. Steam explosion extraction: Take 10Kg of fresh banana stalks, cut them into pieces, put them into a steam explosion tank, press them at a steam explosion pressure of 1.20Mpa for 70s, release them instantly, wash them with water and dehydrate them to obtain 320g of banana crude fibers, with a yield of 3.2 %.

[0018] 2. Pre-alkali treatment: Soak banana crude fiber in NaOH solution with a concentration of 15g / L, soak at room temperature for 36h, wash with water until neutral and dehydrate.

[0019] 3. Steam explosion degumming: put the fiber after pre-alkali treatment into the steam explosion tank again. Under the condition of pressure 1.5Mpa, the pressure maintenance time is 90s, and the moisture content of the fiber is 20%. After the instant release, it is washed and dehydrated.

[0020] 4. Bleaching: Two bleaching treatments are used, the first time: the temperature is 55°C, the solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:14, and the bleaching solution contains 1% Na 2 SiO 3 , 2....

Embodiment 2

[0023] 1. Steam explosion extraction: Take 15Kg of fresh banana stalks, cut them into pieces, put them into a steam explosion tank, maintain pressure at a steam explosion pressure of 1.60Mpa for 120s, release them instantly, wash them with water and dehydrate them to obtain 540g of banana crude fibers, with a yield of 3.6 %.

[0024] 2. Pre-alkali treatment: Soak banana crude fiber in NaOH solution with a concentration of 18g / L, soak at room temperature for 48h, wash with water until neutral and dehydrate.

[0025] 3. Steam explosion degumming: put the fiber after pre-alkali treatment into the steam explosion tank again. Under the condition of pressure 1.55Mpa, the pressure maintenance time is 90s, the moisture content of the fiber is controlled to 20%, and it is washed and dehydrated after being released instantly.

[0026] 4. Bleaching: Two bleaching treatments are used, the first time: the temperature is 60°C, the solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:18, and the bleaching solution co...

Embodiment 3

[0029] 1. Steam explosion extraction: Take 20Kg of fresh banana stalks, cut them into pieces, put them into a steam explosion tank, maintain pressure at a steam explosion pressure of 1.40Mpa for 100s, release them instantly, wash them with water and dehydrate them to obtain 660g of banana crude fibers, with a yield of 3.3 %.

[0030] 2. Pre-alkali treatment: Soak banana crude fiber in NaOH solution with a concentration of 12g / L, soak at room temperature for 30h, wash with water until neutral and dehydrate.

[0031] 3. Steam explosion degumming: put the fiber after pre-alkali treatment into the steam explosion tank again. Under the condition of pressure 1.40Mpa, the pressure maintenance time is 120s, and the moisture content of the fiber is controlled at 30%. After the instant release, it is washed and dehydrated.

[0032] 4. Bleaching: Two bleaching treatments are used: the first time: the temperature is 58°C, the solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:16, and the bleaching solution conta...

technical field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of textile industry, and relates to methods for fiber extraction and degumming, in particular to a method for fiber extraction and degumming by steam explosion technology using banana stems as raw materials. Background technique

[0002] The banana industry is one of the pillar industries of tropical agriculture in China. The banana production areas in my country produce more than 7 million tons of banana stalks every year. At present, they are directly returned to the field or discarded, which not only causes a great waste of resources but also destroys ecosystem. Banana fiber is mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, its cellulose content is lower than that of flax and jute, and its hemicellulose and lignin content is higher. A large number of studies have shown that banana fiber has many advantages such as: high strength , small elongation, fast moisture absorption and release, high initial modulus...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0017] 1. Steam explosion extraction: Take 10Kg of fresh banana stalks, cut them into pieces, put them into a steam explosion tank, press them at a steam explosion pressure of 1.20Mpa for 70s, release them instantly, wash them with water and dehydrate them to obtain 320g of banana crude fibers, with a yield of 3.2 %.

[0018] 2. Pre-alkali treatment: Soak banana crude fiber in NaOH solution with a concentration of 15g / L, soak at room temperature for 36h, wash with water until neutral and dehydrate.

[0019] 3. Steam explosion degumming: put the fiber after pre-alkali treatment into the steam explosion tank again. Under the condition of pressure 1.5Mpa, the pressure maintenance time is 90s, and the moisture content of the fiber is 20%. After the instant release, it is washed and dehydrated.

[0020] 4. Bleaching: Two bleaching treatments are used, the first time: the temperature is 55°C, the solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:14, and the bleaching solution contains 1% Na 2 SiO 3 , 2....

Embodiment 2

[0023] 1. Steam explosion extraction: Take 15Kg of fresh banana stalks, cut them into pieces, put them into a steam explosion tank, maintain pressure at a steam explosion pressure of 1.60Mpa for 120s, release them instantly, wash them with water and dehydrate them to obtain 540g of banana crude fibers, with a yield of 3.6 %.

[0024] 2. Pre-alkali treatment: Soak banana crude fiber in NaOH solution with a concentration of 18g / L, soak at room temperature for 48h, wash with water until neutral and dehydrate.

[0025] 3. Steam explosion degumming: put the fiber after pre-alkali treatment into the steam explosion tank again. Under the condition of pressure 1.55Mpa, the pressure maintenance time is 90s, the moisture content of the fiber is controlled to 20%, and it is washed and dehydrated after being released instantly.

[0026] 4. Bleaching: Two bleaching treatments are used, the first time: the temperature is 60°C, the solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:18, and the bleaching solution co...

Embodiment 3

[0029] 1. Steam explosion extraction: Take 20Kg of fresh banana stalks, cut them into pieces, put them into a steam explosion tank, maintain pressure at a steam explosion pressure of 1.40Mpa for 100s, release them instantly, wash them with water and dehydrate them to obtain 660g of banana crude fibers, with a yield of 3.3 %.

[0030] 2. Pre-alkali treatment: Soak banana crude fiber in NaOH solution with a concentration of 12g / L, soak at room temperature for 30h, wash with water until neutral and dehydrate.

[0031] 3. Steam explosion degumming: put the fiber after pre-alkali treatment into the steam explosion tank again. Under the condition of pressure 1.40Mpa, the pressure maintenance time is 120s, and the moisture content of the fiber is controlled at 30%. After the instant release, it is washed and dehydrated.

[0032] 4. Bleaching: Two bleaching treatments are used: the first time: the temperature is 58°C, the solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:16, and the bleaching solution conta...