Method for extracting and separating cellulose from biomass solid waste

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for extracting and separating cellulose from biomass solid waste. The method comprises the following steps of: 1) crushing the extracting and separating cellulose from biomass solid waste into particles; 2) filling in a pressure vessel; 3) introducing high pressure saturated vapor to moisten the material; 4) introducing stronger ammonia water and stabilizing at high temperature and high pressure; 5) quickly reducing to normal pressure, recovering ammonia from a feed liquid, performing solid-liquid separation on the feed liquid, and drying to obtain a dried material; 6) adding an ionic liquid into the dried material, stirring for dissolution, and separating to obtain a cellulose solution; and 7) adding deionized water into the cellulose solution to obtain a precipitate, namely the cellulose. The recovered ionic liquid is repeatedly used for 20 times. The invention has the advantages that: the characteristic that the biomass solid waste contains rich cellulose is utilized, an ionic liquid separation and extraction system is constructed, and high purity cellulose is separated and extracted in an environment-friendly way, so that the biomass solid waste is recycled, land resources are saved, the resource utilization efficiency is improved and an obvious economic benefit can be achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a method for extracting and separating cellulose from biomass solid waste. Background technique [0002] Biomass solid waste mainly includes landscaping waste, straw-like agricultural waste and sugar cane waste, etc. Specifically, it mainly includes branches, leaves, grass, corn stalks, corn cobs, corn husks, wheat straw, rice stalks, cotton stalks, Straw, wheat straw, cane pith and bagasse etc. Their common feature is that they all contain a large amount of comprehensive cellulose (hemicellulose and cellulose). At present, the annual output of landscaping waste in my country is about 100 million tons, the annual output of straw is about 1 billion tons, and the annual output of bagasse and sugarcane pith is about 50 million tons, of which 40% of the biomass solid waste is discarded as garbage. The increasing amount of biomass solid waste has brought enormous pr...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] However, unlike other wastes, biomass solid waste is composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Direct combustion not only pollutes the atmosphere, but also has a low calorific value, making it inconvenient to use; if it is landfilled, although it can be relied on The ability of the soil itself can degrade it, but the degradation time is long, the nutrients in the soil are consumed, and the utilization rate is low; if it is piled up for a long time, it will not only occupy the land, but also as time goes by, the piled material will ferment itself, resulting in stench and seepage. The filtrate seriously damages the surrounding environment and has a great impact on people's normal life