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This invention discloses a UV-curable raw lacquer hybrid prepolymer coating and its preparation method, comprising: rosin acid, hydroxyethyl acrylate, p-toluenesulfonic acid, polymerization inhibitor, 4-acryloyloxybenzophenone, polyethylene glycol methyl ether acrylate, azobisisobutyronitrile, refined raw lacquer, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, leveling agent, and defoamer. The coating uses rosin acid as a rigid framework, forming a macromolecular photoinitiator by side-linking benzophenone photoinitiator groups and flexible polyether segments. Then, through a controllable UV pre-irradiation process, it undergoes free radical grafting with lacquer urushiol to construct a "rigid-tough tunable" hybrid network. This invention solves the problems of slow curing of raw lacquer, easy migration of small-molecule photoinitiators, and high coating brittleness in existing technologies. The coating uses a macromolecular photoinitiator design, with the initiating groups fixed to the rosin framework through chemical bonds, fundamentally solving the migration problem. Furthermore, the "pre-grafting" process improves compatibility, endowing the coating with excellent comprehensive properties.