Safe and environment-friendly initiating explosive substituent and preparation method thereof

A safety and environmental protection, primary explosive technology, applied in the direction of explosives, etc.

Inactive Publication Date: 2012-07-25
INST OF CHEM MATERIAL CHINA ACADEMY OF ENG PHYSICS
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the combustion speed of ordinary high explosives is very slow, and it is often necessary to carry out a long period of pressure accumulation under strong constraints to realize the transformation from combustion to detonation. Accumulating time is the key to realizing the replacement of primary explosives by strong explosives
Although there have been many studies on detonators without primary explosives in recent years, all of these studies are without exception by setting strong constraints such as DDT tubes in the detonator structure to make the high explosives realize combustion and detonation. Size, high restraint strength and adding PETN explosives and other structures, so this kind of detonator is often complex in structure and high in cost

Method used

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  • Safe and environment-friendly initiating explosive substituent and preparation method thereof
  • Safe and environment-friendly initiating explosive substituent and preparation method thereof
  • Safe and environment-friendly initiating explosive substituent and preparation method thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0021] The fine-grain explosive uses ultra-fine ring trimethylenetrinitramine (ultra-fine RDX, SF-RDX), and the high-combustibility additive uses nano-thermite.

[0022] Fine particle RDX can be prepared by solvent-non-solvent method: dissolve 20g RDX in 200g DMF solvent, then spray the solution into low-temperature water, separate solid and liquid and dry to obtain superfine RDX explosive (SF-RDX) , with an average particle diameter of about 10 microns.

[0023] Al / Fe 2 o 3 The preparation of nano thermite can be carried out by ultrasonic mixing method, the commercial nano-Al powder with an average particle diameter of 50 nm and the commercial Fe powder with an average particle diameter of 30 nm 2 o 3 After the powder is weighed according to the stoichiometric ratio, they are added together into the n-hexane solvent, and shaken and mixed for 30 minutes under the action of ultrasonic waves to obtain the Al / Fe 2 o 3 The burning speed of nano-thermite is about 300m / s as tes...

Embodiment 2

[0027] The fine-grain explosive uses ultra-fine cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (ultra-fine Octojin, SF-HMX), and the high-combustibility additive uses Al / CuO nano-thermite.

[0028] SF-HMX was prepared using HMX as a raw material and DMF as a solvent, referring to the method for preparing SFRDX in Example 1, and the average particle diameter of the obtained SFHMX was about 5 microns.

[0029]Al / CuO nanometer thermite prepares Al / Fe with reference to Example 1 2 o 3 The method is carried out, wherein the raw material CuO has an average particle size of 40nm, and the Al / CuO nano thermite test burning velocity is about 350m / s.

[0030] The preparation of SF-HMX: Al / CuO refers to the ultrasonic mixing method in Example 1, the mass ratio of SF-HMX: Al / CuO is 6:4, and the core / shell type primer substitute is obtained.

[0031] Refer to Example 1 for the detonation test method of the detonating agent substitute in Example 2, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

Embodiment 3

[0033] SF-RDX is used as the fine-grained explosive, and Al / NiO nano-thermite is used as the high-combustibility additive.

[0034] Except that NiO was used as the oxidizing agent in the nano-thermite, the preparation of other materials was carried out with reference to the method of Example 1. Wherein the average particle size of NiO is 50 nanometers, and the tested burning velocity of the obtained Al / NiO nano thermite is about 200m / s. The mass ratio of SF-PETN: Al / NiO is 7:3, and the core / shell type primary explosive substitute is obtained.

[0035] Refer to Example 1 for the detonation test method of the primer substitute in Example 3, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a safe and environment-friendly initiating explosive substituent and a preparation method thereof. In a microstructure, the initiating explosive substituent takes fine particle high explosive as a core, takes an additive which burns at a high speed as a housing; and the initiating explosive substituent is quick in combustion and deflagration to detonation transition capability due to the special microstructure. The explosive substituent disclosed by the invention can be taken as a safe and environment-friendly initiating explosive, to replace the existing conventional explosives which are poor in safety, contains heavy metal or generates a mass of wastewater in the process of preparation, such as GTG, lead azide, DDNP (dinitrodiazophenol), lead trinitroresorcinate and BNCP. According to the invention, the problems of security risk and environment occur when the exciting initiating explosive for a detonating cap is prepared can be solved, and the normal size and the low cost of the detonating cap can be kept simultaneously.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of energetic materials, and in particular relates to a safe and environment-friendly primer substitute and a preparation method. The unique microstructure of the invention enables it to have the ability of rapid combustion to detonation, and can be used in various detonators and detonators instead of primers. Background technique [0002] The ability of rapid combustion to detonation is the main feature that distinguishes primary explosives from high explosives. At present, lead azide (PbN2), lead styphate, pernitric acid, tetraammonia, bis (5-nitrotetrazole) (cobalt) (Ⅲ) (BNCP), Dinitrodiazophenol (DDNP), perchloric acid tricarbonyl hydrazide cadmium (II) (GTG) and other primary explosives with poor safety, heavy metal components or a large amount of harmful wastewater generated during the production process, preparation, production and transportation of these primary explosives There are great safety ris...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C06B33/08C06B33/10
Inventor 谯志强陈瑾黄兵杨光成聂福德
Owner INST OF CHEM MATERIAL CHINA ACADEMY OF ENG PHYSICS
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