Method for efficiently and intensively leaching metals in waste lithium ion batteries

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for efficiently and intensively leaching metals in waste lithium ion batteries. In the method, lithium cobaltate powder is added in dilute acid solution, solid-to-liquid ratio is controlled to be less than 1:10 g / mL; then ferrous sulfate is added, dosage of ferrous sulfate is more than lithium cobaltate powder by less than 1.5 times; next, direct voltage of 0.4-0.7 V passes through; an iron electrode is used as a cathode; graphite, titanium plate or platinum is used as an anode; and rotating speed of a stirrer is 200-500 r / min. Compared with traditional acid leaching, the method can greatly reduce dosage of acids, operate at constant temperature, greatly shorten time when lithium cobaltate is leached and greatly increase leaching efficiency of lithium cobaltate. A high-efficiency, energy-saving, high-leaching-efficiency technical method is provided for recovery of valuable metals in waste lithium ion batteries.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for highly efficient and enhanced leaching of metals in waste lithium ion batteries, belonging to the field of solid waste treatment. Background technique [0002] Lithium cobalt oxide is currently the most mature cathode material for lithium batteries. As the cathode material for mobile phones, digital cameras, and notebook batteries, it has irreplaceable advantages in a short period of time, especially in the field of communication batteries. China is the world's largest producer and consumer of lithium-ion batteries. The content of valuable metals such as cobalt and lithium in waste lithium-ion batteries is relatively high, and lithium-ion batteries contain chemical substances such as lithium cobalt oxide and lithium hexafluorophosphate, which will cause harm to the environment. The anode material of waste lithium-ion batteries is an industrial waste product containing 45-55% cobalt and 2-4% lithium, so recycli...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The dry process is relatively simple, but the disadvantage is that the energy consumption is high, and other components in the electrolyte solution and electrodes are converted into CO by combustion. 2 or other harmful ingredients

Bioleaching technology has obvious advantages such as less energy consumption and low cost, but it also has the disadvantages of long leaching time (generally more than 6 days) and low metal leaching rate [see Debaraj Mishra et al., Bioleaching of metals from spent lithium ion secondary batteries for details using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, Waste Management, 2008, 28:333–338]