Modular PWR

Abstract

The invention provides a module type pressurized water reactor. A reactor module is composed of a reactor body, a cooling agent system, and a safety system, the reactor body, the cooling agent system, and the safety system are all enclosed in a steel safety shell, and the whole reactor module is immersed in a reactor safety water pool, taking the pool water as the final hot trap for heat discharging of accidents. Emergency core cooling and emergency excess heat discharging are achieved by adopting a complete passive way, and the pressure inhibition and long-term heat discharging of the safety shell are achieved through repressing the water in the water pool and the reactor safety water pool; and during the processes of reloading and maintenance of reactor, through arranging a reloading water jacket between the safety shell reloading channel flange and the reactor container flange, direct-moving underwater fuel lifting operation is achieved between the safety shell and the spent fuel pool. A reactor factory can be provided with a plurality of reactor modules, all reactor modules co-use material loading equipment and other nuclear auxiliary systems, and the safety and economy of the reactor are improved through modularized combination arrangement. The module type pressurized water reactor is suitable for being applied to the fields of nuclear electricity generation, gas application, heat application, sea water desalination, and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to a nuclear reactor, in particular to a multi-purpose modular pressurized water reactor suitable for nuclear power generation, steam supply, heat supply and seawater desalination. Background technique [0002] Since the successful application of nuclear energy in the field of power production, countries around the world have conducted a lot of exploration and applied research in non-electric fields such as nuclear energy urban heating, industrial steam supply, and seawater desalination, and have proposed a variety of reactor designs for such applications. [0003] However, due to the contradiction between economy and safety, it has not been widely used and developed until now. [0004] In recent years, people have proposed a modular design concept, trying to improve the economics of small and medium-sized reactor applications while obtaining higher safety through modular design. [0005] At present, two representative designs ar...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0007] (1) Adopting the design scheme of integrated reactor with natural circulation of coolant, the height of the reactor body is large, the increase of power scale and parameters is limited, the operation regulation performance is poor, and refueling and maintenance are difficult, which is not conducive to improving economic efficiency

[0008] (2) The design of the vertical cylindrical steel containment vessel is adopted, the height of the containment vessel is large, the internal free space is small, and the design pressure is high, which is not conducive to equipment layout and maintenance and replacement, and the engineering feasibility is poor

[0009] (3) Adopting the support method of underwater detachable reactor modules, it is difficult to guarantee the engineering feasibility and safety reliability

[0010] (4) Refueling and maintenance operations are carried out by hoisting the reactor module underwater as a whole to a dedicated refueling area. The containment needs to be cut for each refueling overhaul, which requires high hoisting and transportation equipment, safety and engineering feasibility of refueling There is a big problem

[0012] 2. The mPower modular reactor adopts a large-scale reinforced concrete containment design, and all nuclear auxiliary systems are arranged in the containment, and the spent fuel storage and refueling operations are carried out in the containment, which cannot realize the sharing of auxiliary systems and facilities, and is safe. The shell size is large, which is not conducive to reducing the construction cost of the project

[0013] 3. SMR small modular reactor adopts larger single-reactor power, single-reactor layout, built-in drive mechanism and built-in voltage regulator, and the height of the containment is relatively high. The drive mechanism, voltage regulator, main pump and refueling process equipment need to adopt Special special technology, long R&D cycle and technical difficulty

[0014] The analysis of the above several modular reactor design technologies shows that none of the current designs can well solve the contradiction between safety and economy and the applicability of engineering reality

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