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Apparatus and process for nitration selectivity flexibility enabled by azeotropic distillation

Azeotropic distillation, water-based technology, applied in chemical instruments and methods, preparation of nitro compounds, preparation of organic compounds, etc., can solve problems such as high cost, acid loss of overhead distillate, energy consumption, etc.

Active Publication Date: 2014-05-28
ANGUS CHEM CO
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Because of the low relative volatility between acetic acid and water, conventional distillation is energy-intensive and costly
Additionally, propionic and n-butyric acids form low-boiling azeotropes with water, leading to unavoidable acid losses in the overhead if conventional distillation is used
Additionally, more than one organic acid may need to be recycled back to the reactor

Method used

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  • Apparatus and process for nitration selectivity flexibility enabled by azeotropic distillation
  • Apparatus and process for nitration selectivity flexibility enabled by azeotropic distillation
  • Apparatus and process for nitration selectivity flexibility enabled by azeotropic distillation

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0049] Example 1:Heterogeneous azeotropic distillation scheme for the concentration of acetic acid using isopropyl acetate

[0050] This example illustrates the use of isopropyl acetate as an entrainer. The Heterogeneous Azeotropic Distillation (HAD) column is designed to yield acetic acid product of desired purity in the bottoms, while simultaneously yielding an isopropyl acetate / water azeotrope as overhead. The overhead stream forms two liquid phases upon condensation and decantation - an organic phase and an aqueous phase. The organic phase mainly contained isopropyl acetate, while the aqueous phase mainly contained water (Acid Free Aqueous Stream (AFAS)). The entire organic phase is refluxed back to the HAD column to provide enough isopropyl acetate to act as an entrainer. It is then mixed with the feed stream and co-fed to the HAD column. The aqueous phase is withdrawn from the system for further processing or discharge. If the organic reflux does not meet the colum...

Embodiment 2

[0058] Example 2: Heterogeneous azeotropic distillation scheme for the concentration of acetic acid using n-butyl acetate

[0059] This example illustrates the use of n-butyl acetate as the entrainer. The HAD column is designed to yield acetic acid product of the desired purity in the bottoms while simultaneously yielding an n-butyl acetate / water azeotrope as overhead. The overhead stream forms two liquid phases upon condensation and decantation - an organic phase and an aqueous phase. The organic phase mainly contained n-butyl acetate, while the aqueous phase mainly contained water (Acid Free Aqueous Stream (AFAS)). The entire organic phase is refluxed back to the HAD column to provide enough n-butyl acetate to act as an entrainer. It is then mixed with the feed stream and co-fed to the HAD column. The aqueous phase is withdrawn from the system for further processing or discharge. If the organic reflux does not meet the column specifications, a portion of the aqueous ph...

Embodiment 3

[0064] Example 3: Heterogeneous azeotropic distillation scheme for the concentration of acetic acid using isobutyl acetate

[0065] This example illustrates the use of isobutyl acetate as an entrainer. The HAD column is designed to yield acetic acid product of the desired purity in the bottoms while simultaneously yielding the isobutyl acetate / water azeotrope as overhead. The overhead stream forms two liquid phases upon condensation and decantation - an organic phase and an aqueous phase. The organic phase mainly contained isobutyl acetate, while the aqueous phase mainly contained water (Acid Free Aqueous Stream (AFAS)). The entire organic phase is refluxed back to the drying column to provide enough isobutyl acetate to act as an entrainer. It is then mixed with the feed stream and co-fed to the HAD column. The aqueous phase is withdrawn from the system for further processing or discharge. If the organic reflux does not meet the column specifications, a portion of the aq...

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Abstract

Disclosed are processes and apparatuses for concentrating at least one organic acid using an alkyl acetate as an entrainer. The processes and apparatuses may use the same alkyl acetate as an entrainer to concentrate a mixture of organic acids.

Description

[0001] Cross References to Related Applications [0002] This application claims priority from Indian Provisional Application No. 1329 / CHE / 2011 filed 18 April 2011, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. technical field [0003] The present invention relates to azeotropic distillation in high pressure nitration processes. More specifically, the present invention relates to methods and apparatus for the azeotropic removal of water from organic acid streams produced during nitroalkane synthesis when the organic acid streams contain more than one organic acid. Background technique [0004] In high pressure nitration, hydrocarbons such as propane and organic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid and / or butyric acid are reacted with aqueous nitric acid to yield products such as nitromethane, 1-nitropropane and 2-nitropropane. Additionally, the process produces large amounts of water and some organic acids. Many organic acids fed to the reactor are not c...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C07C201/08C07C201/16C07C205/02
CPCC07C201/08C07C201/16C07C205/02
Inventor M·萨万特D·M·特劳斯J·G·小彭德加斯特
Owner ANGUS CHEM CO
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